问题背景

最近做了一个项目需要使用工厂模式，但不同类型的句柄比较多，一个个添加比较麻烦，使用@Autowire自动注入可以减少代码量，和防止遗忘少添加句柄
注意事项：

可以直接使用文中代码，也可以下载源码进行参考

项目搭建

1 引入pom依赖

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 https://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
    <parent>
        <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
        <version>2.6.6</version>
        <relativePath/> <!-- lookup parent from repository -->
    </parent>
    <groupId>com.yg</groupId>
    <artifactId>autowireBean</artifactId>
    <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
    <name>autowireBean</name>
    <description>Demo project for Spring Boot</description>
    <properties>
        <java.version>1.8</java.version>
    </properties>
    <dependencies>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>
            <artifactId>lombok</artifactId>
            <optional>true</optional>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
            <scope>test</scope>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>

    <build>
        <plugins>
            <plugin>
                <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
                <configuration>
                    <excludes>
                        <exclude>
                            <groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>
                            <artifactId>lombok</artifactId>
                        </exclude>
                    </excludes>
                </configuration>
            </plugin>
        </plugins>
    </build>

</project>

2 创建工厂

package com.yg.autowirebean.service;

/**
 * @Author suolong
 * @Date 2022/4/1 11:43
 * @Version 1.5
 */
public interface AnimalFactory {

    String eat();
}

3 添加不同工厂类型句柄，默认@Service的句柄名字为开头字母小写，也可以自己指定

package com.yg.autowirebean.service.impl;

import com.yg.autowirebean.service.AnimalFactory;
import lombok.extern.slf4j.Slf4j;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;

/**
 * @Author suolong
 * @Date 2022/4/1 11:46
 * @Version 1.5
 */
@Slf4j
@Service
public class Dog implements AnimalFactory {

    @Override
    public String  eat() {
      log.info("Dog eat meat");
      return "meat";
    }

}

package com.yg.autowirebean.service.impl;

import com.yg.autowirebean.service.AnimalFactory;
import lombok.extern.slf4j.Slf4j;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;

/**
 * @Author suolong
 * @Date 2022/4/1 11:47
 * @Version 1.5
 */
@Slf4j
@Service
public class Cat implements AnimalFactory {

    @Override
    public String eat() {
        log.info("Cat eat fish");
        return "fish";
    }

}

4 自动把bean句柄导入到Map中，然后使用

package com.yg.autowirebean.service;

import lombok.extern.slf4j.Slf4j;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PostMapping;

import javax.annotation.PostConstruct;
import java.util.Map;
import java.util.Set;

/**
 * @Author suolong
 * @Date 2022/4/1 11:49
 * @Version 1.5
 */
@Service
@Slf4j
public class Eat {

    @Autowired
    Map<String, AnimalFactory> animalHandler;

    @PostConstruct
    public void test() {
        log.info("Start up");
        Set<Map.Entry<String, AnimalFactory>> entries = animalHandler.entrySet();
        for (Map.Entry<String, AnimalFactory> entry : entries) {
            log.info("animal: {}, food: {}", entry.getKey(), entry.getValue().eat());
        }
    }

}