手动编译部署LNMP环境(CentOS7.5+Nginx-1.18.0+MySQL-5.7.30+PHP-7.4.14)

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在平时运维工作中,经常需要用到LNMP应用框架。LNMP环境是指在Linux系统下,由Nginx + MySQL + PHP组成的网站服务器架构。

可参考前面的文章:

 (1) CentOS7.5

(系统最小化安装)

# 更改主机名
[root@localhost ~] # hostnamectl set-hostname --static lnmp-01 && exec bash

# 关闭SELinux
[root@lnmp-01 ~] # sed -i '7s/enforcing/disabled/' /etc/selinux/config
[root@lnmp-01 ~] # setenforce 0
[root@lnmp-01 ~] # getenforce
Permissive

# 关闭firewalld
[root@lnmp-01 ~] # systemctl stop firewalld && systemctl disable firewalld

# 查看内核版本
[root@lnmp-01 ~] # cat /etc/redhat-release
CentOS Linux release 7.5.1804 (Core)
[root@lnmp-01 ~] # uname -r
3.10.0-862.el7.x86_64

# 安装基础软件
[root@lnmp-01 ~] # yum install -y vim wget lsof net-tools tree curl lrzsz

 (2) Nginx-1.18.0  

【官方下载站点:源码包rpm包,版本号A.B.C,B是偶数为稳定版;奇数则为开发版】【官方站点:configure命令参数

# 查看是否已安装,有则卸载
[root@lnmp-01 ~] # yum list installed | egrep nginx
[root@lnmp-01 ~] # yum remove -y nginx.x86_64 nginx-xxx

# 创建nginx用户和目录
[root@lnmp-01 ~] # useradd -M -s /sbin/nologin nginx
[root@lnmp-01 ~] # mkdir -p /data/apps/nginx

# 安装nginx 编译所需依赖
[root@lnmp-01 ~] # yum -y install gcc gcc-c++ make zlib-devel pcre-devel openssl-devel
[root@lnmp-01 ~] # wget http://nginx.org/download/nginx-1.18.0.tar.gz
[root@lnmp-01 ~] # tar -xf nginx-1.18.0.tar.gz
[root@lnmp-01 ~] # ls
nginx-1.18.0  nginx-1.18.0. tar .gz
[root@lnmp-01 ~] # cd nginx-1.18.0
# 选择相应的编译参数【官方站点:configure命令参数】
[root@lnmp-01 nginx-1.18.0] # ./configure --help
[root@lnmp-01 nginx-1.18.0] # ./configure --prefix=/data/apps/nginx \
--user=nginx \
--group=nginx \
--with-http_ssl_module \
--with-http_flv_module \
--with-http_stub_status_module \
--with-http_gzip_static_module

编译参数解析
  --prefix=      安装目录路径
  --user=       用户
  --group=      组
  --with-http_ssl_module    支持HTTPS协议
  --with-http_flv_module    支持Flash视频  
  --with-http_stub_status_module  提供访问的状态信息
  --with-http_gzip_static_module  支持 gzip 压缩文件

[root@lnmp-01 nginx-1.18.0] # make -j 4 && make install    #make -j 4 表示开4核同时进行编译: cat /proc/cpuinfo| grep "processor"| wc -l

# 将nginx命令添加环境变量
[root@lnmp-01 ~] # echo "export PATH=/data/apps/nginx/sbin:$PATH" >> /etc/profile.d/nginx.sh
[root@lnmp-01 ~] # source /etc/profile.d/nginx.sh

# nginx命令语法及参数
[root@lnmp-01 ~] # nginx -h
nginx version: nginx /1 .18.0
Usage: nginx [-?hvVtTq] [-s signal] [-c filename] [-p prefix] [-g directives]

Options:
  -?,-h         : this help
  - v : show version and  exit
  -V            : show version and configure options  then exit
  -t            :  test configuration and  exit
  -T            :  test configuration, dump it and  exit
  -q            : suppress non-error messages during configuration testing
  -s signal     : send signal to a master process: stop, quit, reopen, reload
  -p prefix     :  set prefix path (default:  /data/apps/nginx/ )
  -c filename   :  set configuration  file (default: conf /nginx .conf)
  -g directives :  set global directives out of configuration  file

# 测试启动nginx
[root@lnmp-01 ~] # nginx
[root@lnmp-01 ~] # netstat -ntupl | grep nginx
tcp        0      0 0.0.0.0:80              0.0.0.0:*               LISTEN      1098 /nginx : master

# 访问nginx测试页面
[root@lnmp-01 ~] # curl 127.0.0.1
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
< head >
<title>Welcome to nginx!< /title >    
<style>
    body {
        width: 35em;
        margin: 0 auto;
        font-family: Tahoma, Verdana, Arial, sans-serif;
    }
< /style >
< /head >
<body>
<h1>Welcome to nginx!< /h1 >     # 安装正常会显示如下内容
<p>If you see this page, the nginx web server is successfully installed and
working. Further configuration is required.< /p >

<p>For online documentation and support please refer to
<a href= "http://nginx.org/" >nginx.org< /a >.<br/>
Commercial support is available at
<a href= "http://nginx.com/" >nginx.com< /a >.< /p >

<p><em>Thank you  for using nginx.< /em >< /p >
< /body >
< /html >

[root@lnmp-01 ~] # nginx -s stop

# 添加systemd管理
[root@lnmp-01 ~] # vim /usr/lib/systemd/system/nginx.service
# 添加以下内容
[Unit]
Description=The nginx HTTP and reverse proxy server
After=network-online.target remote-fs.target nss-lookup.target
Wants=network-online.target

[Service]
Type=forking
PIDFile= /data/apps/nginx/logs/nginx .pid     # 自定义项
# Nginx will fail to start if /run/nginx.pid already exists but has the wrong
# SELinux context. This might happen when running `nginx -t` from the cmdline.
# https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=1268621
ExecStartPre= /usr/bin/rm -f  /data/apps/nginx/logs/nginx .pid     # 自定义项
ExecStartPre= /data/apps/nginx/sbin/nginx -t -c  /data/apps/nginx/conf/nginx .conf     # 自定义项
ExecStart= /data/apps/nginx/sbin/nginx      # 自定义项
ExecReload= /data/apps/nginx/sbin/nginx -s reload     # 自定义项
KillSignal=SIGQUIT
TimeoutStopSec=5
KillMode=process
PrivateTmp= true

[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target

# 启动nginx
[root@lnmp-01 ~] # systemctl daemon-reload
[root@lnmp-01 ~] # systemctl start|stop|restart|reload nginx
[root@lnmp-01 ~] # netstat -nutpl | grep nginx
tcp        0      0 0.0.0.0:80              0.0.0.0:*               LISTEN      9714 /nginx : master
[root@lnmp-01 ~] # ps -ef |grep nginx
root       9714      1  0 11:46 ?        00:00:00 nginx: master process  /data/apps/nginx/sbin/nginx
nginx      9715   9714  0 11:46 ?        00:00:00 nginx: worker process

# 设置开机自启动
[root@lnmp-01 ~] # systemctl enable nginx
[root@lnmp-01 ~] # systemctl list-unit-files | grep nginx
nginx.service                                 enabled

 (3) MySQL-5.7.30

【官方下载站点:源码/rpm包】【下载站点:boost_1_59_0】【官方站点:cmake选项参数

手动编译部署LNMP环境(CentOS7.5+Nginx-1.18.0+MySQL-5.7.30+PHP-7.4.14)

# 查看是否已安装mariadb或mysql,有则卸载
[root@lnmp-01 ~] # yum list installed | egrep 'mariadb|mysql'
mariadb-libs.x86_64                  1:5.5.56-2.el7                    @anaconda
[root@lnmp-01 ~] # yum remove -y mariadb-libs.x86_64

# 安装mysql编译所需依赖
[root@lnmp-01 ~] # yum install -y cmake make gcc gcc-c++ bison ncurses ncurses-devel

# 若需下载其他版本,修改最后段版本号(30改为34)即可;推荐到官方站点下载
[root@lnmp-01 ~] # wget https://cdn.mysql.com/archives/mysql-5.7/mysql-5.7.30.tar.gz    # 地址1
[root@lnmp-01 ~] # wget https://dev.mysql.com/get/Downloads/MySQL-5.7/mysql-5.7.30.tar.gz  # 地址2
[root@lnmp-01 ~] # wget https://sourceforge.net/projects/boost/files/boost/1.59.0/boost_1_59_0.tar.gz
--------------------------------- # 或下载带boost的包 ----------------------------------------------------
[root@lnmp-01 ~] # wget https://cdn.mysql.com/archives/mysql-5.7/mysql-boost-5.7.30.tar.gz  # 地址1
[root@lnmp-01 ~] # wget https://dev.mysql.com/get/Downloads/MySQL-5.7/mysql-boost-5.7.30.tar.gz  # 地址2
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
[root@lnmp-01 ~] # tar -xf mysql-5.7.30.tar.gz
[root@lnmp-01 ~] # tar -xf boost_1_59_0.tar.gz
[root@lnmp-01 ~] # ls
boost_1_59_0  boost_1_59_0. tar .gz  mysql-5.7.30  mysql-5.7.30. tar .gz
[root@lnmp-01 ~] # cd mysql-5.7.30
# 选择相应的编译参数【官方站点:cmake选项参数】
[root@lnmp-01 mysql-5.7.30] # cmake --help
[root@lnmp-01 mysql-5.7.30] # cmake . \
-DCMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX= /data/apps/mysql \
-DMYSQL_DATADIR= /data/apps/mysql/data_db \
-DSYSCONFDIR== /etc \
-DDEFAULT_CHARSET=utf8mb4 \
-DWITH_SYSTEMD=bool \
-DENABLED_LOCAL_INFILE=bool \
-DWITH_BOOST= /root/boost_1_59_0 \
-DWITH_EXTRA_CHARSETS=all

======= 等待几分钟完成编译,末尾正常输出以下内容=========
......
-- INSTALL mysqlclient.pc lib /pkgconfig
-- Skipping deb packaging on unsupported platform .
-- CMAKE_BUILD_TYPE: RelWithDebInfo
-- COMPILE_DEFINITIONS: _GNU_SOURCE;_FILE_OFFSET_BITS=64;HAVE_CONFIG_H
-- CMAKE_C_FLAGS:  -Wall -Wextra -Wformat-security -Wvla -Wwrite- strings -Wdeclaration-after-statement
-- CMAKE_CXX_FLAGS:  -Wall -Wextra -Wformat-security -Wvla -Woverloaded-virtual -Wno-unused-parameter
-- CMAKE_C_LINK_FLAGS:
-- CMAKE_CXX_LINK_FLAGS:
-- CMAKE_C_FLAGS_RELWITHDEBINFO: -O3 -g -fabi-version=2 -fno-omit-frame-pointer -fno-strict-aliasing -DDBUG_OFF
-- CMAKE_CXX_FLAGS_RELWITHDEBINFO: -O3 -g -fabi-version=2 -fno-omit-frame-pointer -fno-strict-aliasing -DDBUG_OFF
-- Configuring  done
-- Generating  done
-- Build files have been written to:  /root/mysql-5 .7.30

参数说明:
  -DCMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX:mysql安装目录
  -DMYSQL_DATADIR:数据存放目录
  -DEFAULT_CHARSET:数据库默认字符编码
  -DWITH_SYSTEMD:提供systemd脚本
  -DENABLED_LOCAL_INFILE:允许从本文件导入数据
  -DWITH_BOOST: boost源码路径
  -DWITH_EXTRA_CHARSETS:支持额外字符集

----------------------------------------------------------------------
# 若cmake出错了,需根据下面操作,然后再重新编译安装。
[root@wencheng mysql-5.7.30] # find / -iname CMakeCache.txt
[root@wencheng mysql-5.7.30] # make clean
[root@wencheng mysql-5.7.30] # rm -f CMakeCache.txt
----------------------------------------------------------------------

[root@lnmp-01 mysql-5.7.30] # make -j 4 && make install    # make -j 4 表示开4核同时进行编译: cat /proc/cpuinfo| grep "processor"| wc -l

[root@lnmp-01 ~] # /data/apps/mysql/bin/mysql -V
/data/apps/mysql/bin/mysql Ver 14.14 Distrib 5.7.30,  for Linux (x86_64) using  EditLine wrapper

# 添加环境变量
[root@lnmp-01 ~] # echo "PATH=/data/apps/mysql/bin:$PATH" >> /etc/profile.d/mysql.sh
[root@lnmp-01 ~] # source /etc/profile.d/mysql.sh

# 创建mysql用户和目录并设置权限
[root@lnmp-01 ~] # useradd -M -s /sbin/nologin mysql
[root@lnmp-01 ~] # mkdir -p /data/apps/mysql/{data_db,logs,tmp}
[root@lnmp-01 ~] # chown -R mysql:mysql /data/apps/mysql/{data_db,logs,tmp}

# 创建配置文件my.cnf
[root@lnmp-01 ~] # vim /etc/my.cnf
[client]
port = 3306
default-character- set = utf8mb4
socket =  /data/apps/mysql/tmp/mysql .sock

[mysql]
port = 3306
default-character- set = utf8mb4
socket =  /data/apps/mysql/tmp/mysql .sock

[mysqld]
port = 3306
server- id = 1
user = mysql
basedir =  /data/apps/mysql
datadir =  /data/apps/mysql/data_db
character_set_server = utf8mb4
collation-server = utf8mb4_general_ci
socket =  /data/apps/mysql/tmp/mysql .sock

log-error =  /data/apps/mysql/logs/mysql-error .log
pid- file =  /data/apps/mysql/tmp/mysqld .pid

# 执行初始化
[root@lnmp-01 ~] # /data/apps/mysql/bin/mysqld --initialize-insecure --basedir=/data/apps/mysql --datadir=/data/apps/mysql/data_db --user=mysql   #(5.7以上版本)

# 添加systemd管理
[root@lnmp-01 ~] # cp /data/apps/mysql/usr/lib/systemd/system/mysqld.service /usr/lib/systemd/system/
[root@lnmp-01 ~] # grep -Ev '^$|#' /usr/lib/systemd/system/mysqld.service
[Unit]
Description=MySQL Server
Documentation= man :mysqld(8)
Documentation=http: //dev .mysql.com /doc/refman/en/using-systemd .html
After=network.target
After=syslog.target
[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target
[Service]
User=mysql
Group=mysql
Type=forking
PIDFile= /data/apps/mysql/tmp/mysqld .pid     # 自定义项
TimeoutSec=0
PermissionsStartOnly= true
ExecStartPre= /data/apps/mysql/bin/mysqld_pre_systemd
ExecStart= /data/apps/mysql/bin/mysqld --daemonize --pid- file = /data/apps/mysql/tmp/mysqld .pid $MYSQLD_OPTS    # 自定义项
EnvironmentFile=- /etc/sysconfig/mysql
LimitNOFILE = 5000
Restart=on-failure
RestartPreventExitStatus=1
PrivateTmp= false

# 启动mysql
[root@lnmp-01 ~] # systemctl daemon-reload
[root@lnmp-01 ~] # systemctl start|stop|restart|reload mysqld
[root@lnmp-01 ~] # netstat -nutpl | grep mysql
tcp6       0      0 :::3306                 :::*                    LISTEN      30472 /mysqld
[root@lnmp-01 ~] # ps -ef |grep mysql
mysql     30472      1  0 12:33 ?        00:00:00  /data/apps/mysql/bin/mysqld --daemonize --pid- file = /data/apps/mysql/tmp/mysqld .pid

# 登录mysql
[root@lnmp-01 ~] # mysql -uroot
Welcome to the MySQL monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection  id is 3
Server version: 5.7.30 Source distribution

Copyright (c) 2000, 2020, Oracle and /or its affiliates. All rights reserved.

Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and /or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.

Type  'help;' or  '\h' for help. Type  '\c' to  clear the current input statement.

mysql> show databases;
+--------------------+
| Database           |
+--------------------+
| information_schema |
| mysql              |
| performance_schema |
| sys                |
+--------------------+
4 rows  in set (0.00 sec)

# 设置开机自启动
[root@lnmp-01 ~] # systemctl enable mysqld
[root@lnmp-01 ~] # systemctl list-unit-files | grep mysql
mysqld.service                                enabled

 (4) PHP-7.4.14

【官方下载站点:源码包】【官方站点:comfigure选项参数

# 查看是否已安装php,有则卸载
[root@lnmp-01 ~] # yum list installed | grep php

# 安装mysql编译所需依赖
[root@lnmp-01 ~] # yum install -y epel-release
[root@lnmp-01 ~] # yum install -y bzip2 bzip2-devel libmcrypt-devel openssl-devel libxml2-devel sqlite-devel libcurl-devel libpng-devel libjpeg libjpeg-devel oniguruma oniguruma-devel

# 下载指定版本
[root@lnmp-01 ~] # wget https://www.php.net/distributions/php-7.4.14.tar.gz
[root@lnmp-01 ~] # tar -xf php-7.4.14.tar.gz
[root@lnmp-01 ~] # cd php-7.4.14

# 选择相应的编译参数【官方站点:cmake选项参数】
[root@lnmp-01 php-7.4.14] # ./configure --help
[root@lnmp-01 php-7.4.14] # ./configure --prefix=/data/apps/php \
--with-config- file -path= /etc \
--with-fpm-user=www \
--with-fpm-group=www \
-- enable -fpm \
--with-openssl \
-- enable -mbstring \
-- enable -sockets \
--with-freetype- dir \
--with-jpeg- dir \
--with-png- dir \
--with-libxml- dir = /usr \
-- enable -xml \
--with-zlib \
--with-mcrypt \
--with-bz2 \
--with-mhash

======= 等待几分钟完成编译,末尾正常输出以下内容=========
+--------------------------------------------------------------------+
| License:                                                           |
| This software is subject to the PHP License, available  in this     |
| distribution  in the  file LICENSE. By continuing this installation  |
| process, you are bound by the terms of this license agreement.     |
| If you  do not agree with the terms of this license, you must abort |
| the installation process at this point.                            |
+--------------------------------------------------------------------+
Thank you  for using PHP.

参数说明:
--prefix:安装目录
  --with-config- file -path:配置文件位置
  --with-fpm-user:进程管理器进程守护者
  --with-fpm-group:进程管理器进程守护者的用户组
  -- enable -fpm:进程管理器
 ......
--------------------------------------------------
# 若configure出错了,需清除原编译,然后再重新编译安装。
[root@lnmp-01 php-7.4.14] # make clean
--------------------------------------------------

[root@lnmp-01 php-7.4.14] # make -j 4 && make install    # make -j 4 表示开4核同时进行编译: cat /proc/cpuinfo| grep "processor"| wc -l

[root@lnmp-01 ~] # /data/apps/php/bin/php -v
PHP 7.4.14 (cli) (built: Sep  8 2021 09:41:51) ( NTS )
Copyright (c) The PHP Group
Zend Engine v3.4.0, Copyright (c) Zend Technologi

# 添加环境变量
[root@lnmp-01 ~] # echo "PATH=/data/apps/php/bin:$PATH" >> /etc/profile.d/php.sh
[root@lnmp-01 ~] # echo "PATH=/data/apps/php/sbin:$PATH" >> /etc/profile.d/php.sh
[root@lnmp-01 ~] # source /etc/profile.d/php.sh
-----------------------------------------------------------------
# 或可创建软连接
[root@lnmp-01 ~] # ln -s /data/apps/php/bin/php /usr/local/bin/php
[root@lnmp-01 ~] # ln -s /data/apps/php/sbin/php-fpm /usr/local/bin/php-fpm

# 创建php用户并设置目录权限
[root@lnmp-01 ~] # useradd -M -s /sbin/nologin www
[root@lnmp-01 ~] # chown -R www:www /data/apps/php

# 生成php服务脚本
[root@lnmp-01 ~] # cp ~/php-7.4.14/sapi/fpm/init.d.php-fpm /etc/init.d/php-fpmd
[root@lnmp-01 ~] # chmod +x /etc/init.d/php-fpmd

# 设置php-fpm配置文件
[root@lnmp-01 ~] # cp /data/apps/php/etc/php-fpm.conf.default /data/apps/php/etc/php-fpm.conf
[root@lnmp-01 ~] # cp /data/apps/php/etc/php-fpm.d/www.conf.default /data/apps/php/etc/php-fpm.d/www.conf

# 测试php配置文件语法是否正确
[root@lnmp-01 ~] # php-fpm -t
[08-Sep-2021 10:45:52] NOTICE: configuration  file /data/apps/php/etc/php-fpm .conf  test is successful

# 启动php
[root@lnmp-01 ~] # /etc/init.d/php-fpmd start|stop|force-quit|restart|reload|status|configtest
[root@lnmp-01 ~] # netstat -nuptl | grep php
tcp        0      0 127.0.0.1:9000          0.0.0.0:*               LISTEN      63705 /php-fpm : mast
[root@lnmp-01 ~] # ps -ef | grep php
root      63705      1  0 10:49 ?        00:00:00 php-fpm: master process ( /data/apps/php/etc/php-fpm .conf)
www       63706  63705  0 10:49 ?        00:00:00 php-fpm: pool www
www       63707  63705  0 10:49 ?        00:00:00 php-fpm: pool www

# 添加systemd管理
[root@lnmp-01 ~] # vim /usr/lib/systemd/system/php-fpm.service
[Unit]
Description=The PHP FastCGI Process Manager
After=syslog.target network.target

[Service]
Type=simple
PIDFile= /data/apps/php/var/run/php-fpm .pid   # 自定义项
ExecStart= /data/apps/php/sbin/php-fpm --nodaemonize --fpm-config  /data/apps/php/etc/php-fpm .conf   # 自定义项
ExecReload= /bin/kill -USR2 $MAINPID

[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target

# 设置开机自启动
[root@lnmp-01 ~] # systemctl enable php-fpm
[root@lnmp-01 ~] # systemctl list-unit-files | grep php
php-fpm.service                                enable

至此,手动编译部署LNMP环境(CentOS7.5+Nginx-1.18.0+MySQL-5.7.30+PHP-7.4.14)已完成。

 :YUM安装php【下载rpm包

[root@lnmp-01 ~] # yum install epel-release
[root@lnmp-01 ~] # rpm -ivh http://rpms.famillecollet.com/enterprise/remi-release-7.rpm
# 查看php所有版本
[root@lnmp-01 ~] # ls /etc/yum.repos.d/*php*
/etc/yum .repos.d /remi-php54 .repo   /etc/yum .repos.d /remi-php72 .repo   /etc/yum .repos.d /remi-php80 .repo
/etc/yum .repos.d /remi-php70 .repo   /etc/yum .repos.d /remi-php73 .repo   /etc/yum .repos.d /remi-php81 .repo
/etc/yum .repos.d /remi-php71 .repo   /etc/yum .repos.d /remi-php74 .repo
# 选择适合的版本,这里选择php74
[root@lnmp-01 ~] # yum --enablerepo=remi install -y php74-php
[root@lnmp-01 ~] # yum --enablerepo=remi install php74-php php74-php-gd php74-php-xml php74-php-sockets php74-php-session php74-php-snmp php74-php-mysql
[root@lnmp-01 ~] # php74 -v
PHP 7.4.23 (cli) (built: Aug 24 2021 16:33:30) ( NTS )
Copyright (c) The PHP Group
Zend Engine v3.4.0, Copyright (c) Zend Technologies

 

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