HUAWEI防火墙通过IPSec隧道使总部与分公司的用户可互相访问(采用预共享密钥认证)

组网图形

组网需求

如图1所示，网络A和网络B分别通过FW_A和FW_B连接到Internet。网络环境描述如下：

网络A属于10.1.1.0/24子网，通过接口GigabitEthernet 1/0/3与FW_A连接。
网络B属于10.1.2.0/24子网，通过接口GigabitEthernet 1/0/3与FW_B连接。
FW_A_B路由可达。

通过组网实现如下需求：在FW_A和FW_B之间建立IKE方式的IPSec隧道，使网络A和网络B的用户可通过IPSec隧道互相访问。

配置思路
对于FW_A和FW_B，配置思路相同。如下：

1.完成接口基本配置。
2.配置安全策略，允许私网指定网段进行报文交互。
3.配置到对端内网的路由。
4.配置IPSec策略。包括配置IPSec策略的基本信息、配置待加密的数据流、配置安全提议的协商参数。

操作步骤

1.配置FW_A的基础配置。包括配置接口IP地址、接口加入安全区域、域间安全策略和静态路由。

1.1 配置接口IP地址。

　　a.配置接口GigabitEthernet 1/0/3

<sysname> system-view
[sysname] sysname FW_A
[FW_A] interface GigabitEthernet 1/0/3
[FW_A-GigabitEthernet1/0/3] ip address 10.1.1.1 24
[FW_A-GigabitEthernet1/0/3] quit

　　b.配置接口GigabitEthernet 1/0/1的IP地址。

[FW_A] interface GigabitEthernet 1/0/1
[FW_A-GigabitEthernet1/0/1] ip address 1.1.3.1 24
[FW_A-GigabitEthernet1/0/1] quit

1.2 配置接口加入相应安全区域

　　a.将接口GigabitEthernet 1/0/3加入Trust区域。

[FW_A] firewall zone trust
[FW_A-zone-trust] add interface GigabitEthernet 1/0/3
[FW_A-zone-trust] quit

　　b.将接口GigabitEthernet 1/0/1加入Untrust区域。

[FW_A] firewall zone untrust
[FW_A-zone-untrust] add interface GigabitEthernet 1/0/1
[FW_A-zone-untrust] quit

1.3 配置域间安全策略。

　　a.配置Trust域与Untrust域之间的域间安全策略。

[FW_A] security-policy
[FW_A-policy-security] rule name policy1
[FW_A-policy-security-rule-policy1] source-zone trust
[FW_A-policy-security-rule-policy1] destination-zone untrust
[FW_A-policy-security-rule-policy1] source-address 10.1.1.0 24
[FW_A-policy-security-rule-policy1] destination-address 10.1.2.0 24
[FW_A-policy-security-rule-policy1] action permit
[FW_A-policy-security-rule-policy1] quit

[FW_A-policy-security] rule name policy2
[FW_A-policy-security-rule-policy2] source-zone untrust
[FW_A-policy-security-rule-policy2] destination-zone trust
[FW_A-policy-security-rule-policy2] source-address 10.1.2.0 24
[FW_A-policy-security-rule-policy2] destination-address 10.1.1.0 24
[FW_A-policy-security-rule-policy2] action permit
[FW_A-policy-security-rule-policy2] quit

　　b.配置Local域与Untrust域之间的域间安全策略。

　　配置Local域和Untrust域的域间安全策略的目的为允许IPSec隧道两端设备通信，使其能够进行隧道协商。

说明：

本例中是以源地址和目的地址为例介绍，如果需要使用协议、端口作为匹配条件，则需要放开ESP服务和UDP 500端口（NAT穿越场景中还需要放开4500端口）。

[FW_A-policy-security] rule name policy3
[FW_A-policy-security-rule-policy3] source-zone local
[FW_A-policy-security-rule-policy3] destination-zone untrust
[FW_A-policy-security-rule-policy3] source-address 1.1.3.1 32
[FW_A-policy-security-rule-policy3] destination-address 1.1.5.1 32
[FW_A-policy-security-rule-policy3] action permit
[FW_A-policy-security-rule-policy3] quit

[FW_A-policy-security] rule name policy4
[FW_A-policy-security-rule-policy4] source-zone untrust
[FW_A-policy-security-rule-policy4] destination-zone local
[FW_A-policy-security-rule-policy4] source-address 1.1.5.1 32
[FW_A-policy-security-rule-policy4] destination-address 1.1.3.1 32
[FW_A-policy-security-rule-policy4] action permit
[FW_A-policy-security-rule-policy4] quit
[FW_A-policy-security] quit

1.4 配置到达目的网络B的静态路由，此处假设到达网络B的下一跳地址为1.1.3.2。

[FW_A] ip route-static 10.1.2.0 255.255.255.0 1.1.3.2
[FW_A] ip route-static 1.1.5.0 255.255.255.0 1.1.3.2

2.在FW_A上配置IPSec策略，并在接口上应用此IPSec策略。

2.1 定义被保护的数据流。配置高级ACL 3000，允许10.1.1.0/24网段访问10.1.2.0/24网段。

[FW_A] acl 3000
[FW_A-acl-adv-3000] rule 5 permit ip source 10.1.1.0 0.0.0.255 destination 10.1.2.0 0.0.0.255
[FW_A-acl-adv-3000] quit

2.2 配置IPSec安全提议。缺省参数可不配置。

[FW_A] ipsec proposal tran1
[FW_A-ipsec-proposal-tran1] esp authentication-algorithm sha2-256
[FW_A-ipsec-proposal-tran1] esp encryption-algorithm aes-256
[FW_A-ipsec-proposal-tran1] quit

2.3 配置IKE安全提议。

[FW_A] ike proposal 10
[FW_A-ike-proposal-10] authentication-method pre-share
[FW_A-ike-proposal-10] prf hmac-sha2-256
[FW_A-ike-proposal-10] encryption-algorithm aes-256
[FW_A-ike-proposal-10] dh group14
[FW_A-ike-proposal-10] integrity-algorithm hmac-sha2-256  
[FW_A-ike-proposal-10] quit

2.4 配置IKE peer。

[FW_A] ike peer b
[FW_A-ike-peer-b] ike-proposal 10
[FW_A-ike-peer-b] remote-address 1.1.5.1
[FW_A-ike-peer-b] pre-shared-key Test!1234
[FW_A-ike-peer-b] quit

2.5 配置IPSec策略。

[FW_A] ipsec policy map1 10 isakmp
[FW_A-ipsec-policy-isakmp-map1-10] security acl 3000
[FW_A-ipsec-policy-isakmp-map1-10] proposal tran1
[FW_A-ipsec-policy-isakmp-map1-10] ike-peer b
[FW_A-ipsec-policy-isakmp-map1-10] quit

2.6 在接口GigabitEthernet 1/0/1上应用IPSec策略组map1。

[FW_A] interface GigabitEthernet 1/0/1
[FW_A-GigabitEthernet1/0/1] ipsec policy map1
[FW_A-GigabitEthernet1/0/1] quit

3.配置FW_B的基础配置。包括配置接口IP地址、接口加入安全区域、域间安全策略和静态路由。

3.1 配置接口IP地址。

　　a.配置接口GigabitEthernet 1/0/3的IP地址。

<sysname> system-view
[sysname] sysname FW_B
[FW_B] interface GigabitEthernet 1/0/3
[FW_B-GigabitEthernet1/0/3] ip address 10.1.2.1 24
[FW_B-GigabitEthernet1/0/3] quit

　　b.配置接口GigabitEthernet 1/0/1的IP地址

[FW_B] interface GigabitEthernet 1/0/1 
[FW_B-GigabitEthernet1/0/1] ip address 1.1.5.1 24
[FW_B-GigabitEthernet1/0/1] quit

3.2 配置接口加入相应安全区域。

　　a.将接口GigabitEthernet 1/0/3加入Trust区域。

[FW_B] firewall zone trust
[FW_B-zone-trust] add interface GigabitEthernet 1/0/3
[FW_B-zone-trust] quit

　　b.将接口GigabitEthernet 1/0/1加入Untrust区域。

[FW_B] firewall zone untrust
[FW_B-zone-untrust] add interface GigabitEthernet 1/0/1
[FW_B-zone-untrust] quit

3.3 配置域间安全策略。

　　a.配置Trust域与Untrust域之间的域间安全策略。

[FW_B] security-policy
[FW_B-policy-security] rule name policy1
[FW_B-policy-security-rule-policy1] source-zone trust
[FW_B-policy-security-rule-policy1] destination-zone untrust
[FW_B-policy-security-rule-policy1] source-address 10.1.2.0 24
[FW_B-policy-security-rule-policy1] destination-address 10.1.1.0 24
[FW_B-policy-security-rule-policy1] action permit
[FW_B-policy-security-rule-policy1] quit

[FW_B-policy-security] rule name policy2
[FW_B-policy-security-rule-policy2] source-zone untrust
[FW_B-policy-security-rule-policy2] destination-zone trust
[FW_B-policy-security-rule-policy2] source-address 10.1.1.0 24
[FW_B-policy-security-rule-policy2] destination-address 10.1.2.0 24
[FW_B-policy-security-rule-policy2] action permit
[FW_B-policy-security-rule-policy2] quit

　　b.配置Untrust域与Local域之间的域间安全策略。

　　配置Local域和Untrust域的域间安全策略的目的为允许IPSec隧道两端设备通信，使其能够进行隧道协商。

[FW_B-policy-security] rule name policy3
[FW_B-policy-security-rule-policy3] source-zone local
[FW_B-policy-security-rule-policy3] destination-zone untrust
[FW_B-policy-security-rule-policy3] source-address 1.1.5.1 32
[FW_B-policy-security-rule-policy3] destination-address 1.1.3.1 32
[FW_B-policy-security-rule-policy3] action permit
[FW_B-policy-security-rule-policy3] quit

[FW_B-policy-security] rule name policy4
[FW_B-policy-security-rule-policy4] source-zone untrust
[FW_B-policy-security-rule-policy4] destination-zone local
[FW_B-policy-security-rule-policy4] source-address 1.1.3.1 32
[FW_B-policy-security-rule-policy4] destination-address 1.1.5.1 32
[FW_B-policy-security-rule-policy4] action permit
[FW_B-policy-security-rule-policy4] quit
[FW_B-policy-security] quit

3.4 配置到达目的网络A的静态路由，此处假设到达网络A的下一跳地址为1.1.5.2。

[FW_B] ip route-static 10.1.1.0 255.255.255.0 1.1.5.2
[FW_B] ip route-static 1.1.3.0 255.255.255.0 1.1.5.2

4.在FW_B上配置IPSec策略，并在接口上应用此IPSec策略。

　　4.1 配置高级ACL 3000，允许10.1.2.0/24网段访问10.1.1.0/24网段。

[FW_B] acl 3000
[FW_B-acl-adv-3000] rule 5 permit ip source 10.1.2.0 0.0.0.255 destination 10.1.1.0 0.0.0.255
[FW_B-acl-adv-3000] quit

　　4.2 配置IPSec安全提议。

[FW_B] ipsec proposal tran1
[FW_B-ipsec-proposal-tran1] esp authentication-algorithm sha2-256
[FW_B-ipsec-proposal-tran1] esp encryption-algorithm aes-256
[FW_B-ipsec-proposal-tran1] quit

　　4.3 配置IKE安全提议。

[FW_B] ike proposal 10
[FW_B-ike-proposal-10] authentication-method pre-share
[FW_B-ike-proposal-10] prf hmac-sha2-256
[FW_B-ike-proposal-10] encryption-algorithm aes-256
[FW_B-ike-proposal-10] dh group14
[FW_B-ike-proposal-10] integrity-algorithm hmac-sha2-256  
[FW_B-ike-proposal-10] quit

　　4.4 配置IKE peer。

[FW_B] ike peer a 
[FW_B-ike-peer-a] ike-proposal 10 
[FW_B-ike-peer-a] remote-address 1.1.3.1 
[FW_B-ike-peer-a] pre-shared-key Test!1234 
[FW_B-ike-peer-a] quit

　　4.5 配置IPSec策略。

[FW_B] ipsec policy map1 10 isakmp 
[FW_B-ipsec-policy-isakmp-map1-10] security acl 3000 
[FW_B-ipsec-policy-isakmp-map1-10] proposal tran1 
[FW_B-ipsec-policy-isakmp-map1-10] ike-peer a 
[FW_B-ipsec-policy-isakmp-map1-10] quit

　　4.6 在接口GigabitEthernet 1/0/1上应用IPSec策略组map1。

[FW_B] interface GigabitEthernet 1/0/1 
[FW_B-GigabitEthernet1/0/1] ipsec policy map1
[FW_B-GigabitEthernet1/0/1] quit

结果验证

1.配置完成后，在PC1执行ping命令，触发IKE协商。若IKE协商成功，隧道建立后可以ping通PC2。反之，IKE协商失败，隧道没有建立则PC1不能ping通PC2。
2.分别在FW_A和FW_B上执行display ike sa、display ipsec sa会显示安全联盟的建立情况。以FW_B为例，出现以下显示说明IKE安全联盟、IPSec安全联盟建立成功。

<FW_B> display ike sa
IKE SA information :   
    Conn-ID     Peer            VPN   Flag(s)  Phase  RemoteType  RemoteID
  -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
    16777239    1.1.3.1:500           RD|ST|A  v2:2   IP          1.1.3.1
    16777232    1.1.3.1:500           RD|ST|A  v2:1   IP          1.1.3.1

  Number of IKE SA : 2 
  -------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                                                
  Flag Description:                                                             
  RD--READY   ST--STAYALIVE   RL--REPLACED   FD--FADING   TO--TIMEOUT           
  HRT--HEARTBEAT   LKG--LAST KNOWN GOOD SEQ NO.   BCK--BACKED UP                
  M--ACTIVE   S--STANDBY   A--ALONE  NEG--NEGOTIATING

<FW_B> display ipsec sa
                                                                                
ipsec sa information:                                                           
                                                                                
===============================                                                  
Interface: GigabitEthernet1/0/1
                                               
===============================                                                 
                                                                                
  -----------------------------                                                 
  IPSec policy name: "map1"                                                     
  Sequence number  : 10                                                          
  Acl group        : 3000                                                       
  Acl rule         : 5                                                         
  Mode             : ISAKMP                                                     
  -----------------------------                                                 
    Connection ID     : 83903371                                                
    Encapsulation mode: Tunnel                                                  
    Tunnel local      : 1.1.5.1                                             
    Tunnel remote     : 1.1.3.1                                               
    Flow source       : 10.1.2.2/255.255.255.255 0/0                           
    Flow destination  : 10.1.1.2/255.255.255.255 0/0                           
                                                                                
    [Outbound ESP SAs]                                                          
      SPI: 763065754 (0x2d7b759a)                                               
      Proposal: ESP-ENCRYPT-AES-256 SHA2-256-128                                
      SA remaining key duration (kilobytes/sec): 0/3079                         
      Max sent sequence-number: 1                                               
      UDP encapsulation used for NAT traversal: N                               
      SA encrypted packets (number/kilobytes): 4/0   
                                                                                
    [Inbound ESP SAs]                                                           
      SPI: 163241969 (0x9badff1)                                                
      Proposal: ESP-ENCRYPT-AES-256 SHA2-256-128                                
      SA remaining key duration (kilobytes/sec): 0/3079                         
      Max received sequence-number: 3203668                                     
      UDP encapsulation used for NAT traversal: N 
      SA decrypted packets (number/kilobytes): 4/0                              
      Anti-replay : Enable                                                      
      Anti-replay window size: 1024