目录
一,json解析
json的形式:
{}->json对象 T Map
[]-> json数组 List<T> List<Map>
{
msg:””;
code:200, ->json 混合对象
data:[]
}
得到上述三种json形式的数据的方法:
1,导入pom依赖 jackson(让SpringMVC支持json数据转换)
<dependency>
<groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.core</groupId>
<artifactId>jackson-databind</artifactId>
<version>2.9.3</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.core</groupId>
<artifactId>jackson-core</artifactId>
<version>2.9.3</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.core</groupId>
<artifactId>jackson-annotations</artifactId>
<version>2.9.3</version>
</dependency>
2.在SpringMVC.xml中配置适配器(做json数据转换)
<!--支持json数据返回的适配器-->
<bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.method.annotation.RequestMappingHandlerAdapter">
<property name="messageConverters">
<list>
<ref bean="mappingJackson2HttpMessageConverter"/>
</list>
</property>
</bean>
<bean id="mappingJackson2HttpMessageConverter"
class="org.springframework.http.converter.json.MappingJackson2HttpMessageConverter">
<!--处理中文乱码以及避免IE执行AJAX时,返回JSON出现下载文件-->
<property name="supportedMediaTypes">
<list>
<value>text/html;charset=UTF-8</value>
<value>text/json;charset=UTF-8</value>
<value>application/json;charset=UTF-8</value>
</list>
</property>
</bean>
3.使用注解@responseBody 能够将任何的数据转换为json对象
在Biz层中写出以下几个方法:
1.返回List<T>
2.返回List<Map>
3.返回T
4.返回Map
5.返回混合
ClazzBiz:
package com.ljj.ssm.biz;
import com.ljj.model.Clazz;
import com.ljj.ssm.util.PageBean;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Map;
public interface ClazzBiz {
int deleteByPrimaryKey(Integer cid);
int insert(Clazz record);
int insertSelective(Clazz record);
Clazz selectByPrimaryKey(Integer cid);
int updateByPrimaryKeySelective(Clazz record);
int updateByPrimaryKey(Clazz record);
List<Clazz> listPager(Clazz clazz, PageBean pageBean);
List<Map> listMapPager(Clazz clazz, PageBean pageBean);
}
在ClazzBIzImpl中添加方法:
@Override
public List<Map> listMapPager(Clazz clazz, PageBean pageBean) {
return clazzMapper.listMapPager(clazz);
}
ClazzMapper:
List <Map> listMapPager(Clazz clazz);
ClazzMapper.xml:
<select id="listMapPager" resultType="java.util.Map" parameterType="com.ljj.ssm.model.Clazz" >
select
<include refid="Base_Column_List" />
from t_struts_class
<where>
<if test="cname !=null and cname !=''">
and cname like concat('%')
</if>
<if test="cid !=null and cid !=''">
and cid = #{cid}
</if>
</where>
order by cid desc
</select>
JsonController :
package com.ljj.controller;
import com.ljj.model.Clazz;
import com.ljj.ssm.biz.ClazzBiz;
import com.ljj.ssm.util.PageBean;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Map;
//@ResponseBody+@Controller=@RestController
@RestController
@RequestMapping("/clz/json")
public class JsonController {
@Autowired
private ClazzBiz clazzBiz;
@RequestMapping("/clzEdit")
public String clzEdit(){
System.out.println("JsonController.clzEdit");
return "clzEdit";
}
/**
* list<T>
*/
@RequestMapping("/list")
public List<Clazz> list(HttpServletRequest request, Clazz clazz){
PageBean pageBean=new PageBean();
pageBean.setRequest(request);
// [{},{}]
return this.clazzBiz.listPager(clazz,pageBean);
}
/**
* list<Map>
*/
@RequestMapping("/listMap")
public List<Map> listMap(HttpServletRequest request, Clazz clazz){
PageBean pageBean=new PageBean();
pageBean.setRequest(request);
// [{},{}]
return this.clazzBiz.listMapPager(clazz,pageBean);
}
// 返回单个Map集合
@RequestMapping("/map")
public Map map(HttpServletRequest request, Clazz clazz){
PageBean pageBean=new PageBean();
pageBean.setRequest(request);
// {}
return this.clazzBiz.listMapPager(clazz,pageBean).get(0);
}
// 返回一个T对象
@RequestMapping("/load")
public Clazz load(HttpServletRequest request, Clazz clazz){
PageBean pageBean=new PageBean();
pageBean.setRequest(request);
// {}
return this.clazzBiz.listPager(clazz,pageBean).get(0);
}
// 混合
// {
// msg:" ",
// code:200,
// data:[ ]
// }
@RequestMapping("/hunhe")
public Map hunhe(HttpServletRequest request, Clazz clazz){
PageBean pageBean=new PageBean();
pageBean.setRequest(request);
List<Clazz> lst = this.clazzBiz.listPager(clazz, pageBean);
Map map=new HashMap();
map.put("data",lst);
map.put("pagebean",pageBean);
return map;
}
}
index.jsp:
<%--
Created by IntelliJ IDEA.
User: zjjt
Date: 2022/8/22
Time: 18:42
To change this template use File | Settings | File Templates.
--%>
<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %>
<head>
<title>测试json数据返回</title>
</head>
<a href="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/clz/json/list">返回list<T>对象</a><hr>
<a href="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/clz/json/listMap">返回list<Map>对象</a><hr>
<a href="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/clz/json/load?cid=1">返回T对象</a><hr>
<a href="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/clz/json/map?cid=1">返回Map对象</a><hr>
<a href="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/clz/json/hunhe">返回混合对象</a><hr>
</body>
</html>
运行结果:
点击测试:
list<T>对象
list<Map>对象
T对象
Map对象
混合对象
二,全局异常处理的三种形式
1.为什么需要全局异常处理
因为:系统中异常包括:编译时异常和运行时异常RuntimeException,前者通过捕获异常从而获取异常信息,后者主要通过规范代码开发、测试通过手段减少运行时异常的发生。在开发中,不管是dao层、service层还是controller层,都有可能抛出异常,在springmvc中,能将所有类型的异常处理从各处理过程解耦出来,既保证了相关处理过程的功能较单一,也实现了异常信息的统一处理和维护。
我们现在来改进代码 进行全局异常处理
jsonController:
@RequestMapping("/list")
public List<Clazz> list(HttpServletRequest request, Clazz clazz){
PageBean pageBean=new PageBean();
pageBean.setRequest(request);
if(true){
throw new RuntimeException("查询班级信息异常,异常存在于JsonController.list");
}
// [{},{}]
return this.clazzBiz.listPager(clazz,pageBean);
}
ClazzBizImpl
@Override
public List<Map> listMapPager(Clazz clazz, PageBean pageBean) {
if(true){
throw new RuntimeException("查询班级信息异常,异常存在于ClazzBizImpl.list");
}
return clazzMapper.listMapPager(clazz);
}
接下来重新运行项目:
点击list<T>对象时:
点击list<Map>对象时:
此时可以看到,两个异常 一个在控制层,一个在业务层,这样很不方便维护
2.异常处理思路?
系统的dao、service、controller出现异常都通过throws Exception向上抛出,最后由springmvc前端控制器交由异常处理器进行异常处理。springmvc提供全局异常处理器(一个系统只有一个异常处理器)进行统一异常处理。
3.SpringMVC异常分类
1)使用Spring MVC提供的简单异常处理器SimpleMappingExceptionResolver;
2)实现Spring的异常处理接口HandlerExceptionResolver自定义自己的异常处理器;
3)使用@ControllerAdvice + @ExceptionHandler
异常处理的三种方式:
1、springmvc.xml中进行统一配置及处理(使用较少)
springmvc.xml:
<!--统一异常处理-->
<!-- springmvc提供的简单异常处理器 -->
<bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.handler.SimpleMappingExceptionResolver">
<!-- 定义默认的异常处理页面 -->
<property name="defaultErrorView" value="error"/>
<!-- 定义异常处理页面用来获取异常信息的变量名,也可不定义,默认名为exception -->
<property name="exceptionAttribute" value="ex"/>
<!-- 定义需要特殊处理的异常,这是重要点 -->
<property name="exceptionMappings">
<props>
<prop key="java.lang.RuntimeException">error</prop>
</props>
<!-- 还可以定义其他的自定义异常 -->
</property>
</bean>
新建一个error.jsp页面:
<%--
Created by IntelliJ IDEA.
User: zjjt
Date: 2022/8/23
Time: 14:11
To change this template use File | Settings | File Templates.
--%>
<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %>
<html>
<head>
<title>错误信息页面</title>
</head>
<body>
${ex}
</body>
</html>
再次运行:
当点击“返回list<T>对象”时:
当点击“返回list<>Map对象”时:
2、实现接口管理(使用较多)
GlobalException :
package com.ljj.exception;
/**
* @author ljj
* @create 2022-08-23 14:24
*/
public class GlobalException extends RuntimeException{
public GlobalException() {
}
public GlobalException(String message) {
super(message);
}
public GlobalException(String message, Throwable cause) {
super(message, cause);
}
public GlobalException(Throwable cause) {
super(cause);
}
public GlobalException(String message, Throwable cause, boolean enableSuppression, boolean writableStackTrace) {
super(message, cause, enableSuppression, writableStackTrace);
}
}
GlobalHandlerExceptionResovler :
package com.ljj.exception;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.HandlerExceptionResolver;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.ModelAndView;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
/**
* @author ljj
* @create 2022-08-23 14:31
* 处理全局异常的解析器
*/
@Component
public class GlobalHandlerExceptionResovler implements HandlerExceptionResolver {
/**
*
* @param httpServletRequest
* @param httpServletResponse
* @param o 目标对象
* @param e 目标对象执行出现的异常对象
* @return
*/
@Override
public ModelAndView resolveException(HttpServletRequest httpServletRequest,
HttpServletResponse httpServletResponse,
Object o, Exception e) {
ModelAndView mv=new ModelAndView();
mv.setViewName("error");
if (e instanceof GlobalException){
GlobalException exception=(GlobalException) e;
mv.addObject("ex",exception.getMessage());
mv.addObject("msg","全局异常,错误码501");
}else if(e instanceof RuntimeException){
RuntimeException exception=(RuntimeException) e;
mv.addObject("ex",exception.getMessage());
mv.addObject("msg","运行时异常,错误码601");
}
return mv;
}
}
JsonController:
// 返回一个T对象
@RequestMapping("/load")
public Clazz load(HttpServletRequest request, Clazz clazz){
PageBean pageBean=new PageBean();
pageBean.setRequest(request);
if(true) {
throw new GlobalException("系统繁忙,请参考E007;");
}
// {}
return this.clazzBiz.listPager(clazz,pageBean).get(0);
}
error.jsp
<%--
Created by IntelliJ IDEA.
User: zjjt
Date: 2022/8/23
Time: 14:11
To change this template use File | Settings | File Templates.
--%>
<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %>
<html>
<head>
<title>错误信息页面</title>
</head>
<body>
${msg}
<hr>
${ex}
</body>
</html>
运行效果:
当点击“返回list<T>对象”时:
当点击“返回list<>Map对象”时:
当点击“返回T对象”时:
当点击“返回Map对象”时:
3、@controllerAdvice+@ExceptionHandler
GlobalExceptionResolver :
package com.ljj.exception;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ControllerAdvice;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ExceptionHandler;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.ModelAndView;
/**
* @author ljj
* @create 2022-08-23 15:00
*/
@ControllerAdvice
public class GlobalExceptionResolver {
@ExceptionHandler
public ModelAndView handler(Exception e) {
ModelAndView mv=new ModelAndView();
mv.setViewName("error");
if (e instanceof GlobalException){
GlobalException exception=(GlobalException) e;
mv.addObject("ex",exception.getMessage());
mv.addObject("msg","全局异常,GlobalExceptionResolver,错误码501");
}else if(e instanceof RuntimeException){
RuntimeException exception=(RuntimeException) e;
mv.addObject("ex",exception.getMessage());
mv.addObject("msg","运行时异常,GlobalExceptionResolver,错误码601");
}
return mv;
}
}
运行效果:
当点击“返回list<T>对象”时:
当点击“返回list<>Map对象”时:
当点击“返回T对象”时:
当点击“返回Map对象”时:
三、json统一处理
GlobalExceptionResolver2 :
package com.ljj.exception;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ExceptionHandler;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestControllerAdvice;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.Map;
/**
* @author ljj
* @create 2022-08-23 15:00
*
* 当出现异常,统一向前端相应错误信息的json对象数据
*/
@RestControllerAdvice
public class GlobalExceptionResolver2 {
@ExceptionHandler
public Map handler(Exception e) {
Map map=new HashMap();
if (e instanceof GlobalException){
GlobalException exception=(GlobalException) e;
map.put("ex",exception.getMessage());
map.put("msg","全局异常,GlobalExceptionResolver,错误码501");
}else if(e instanceof RuntimeException){
RuntimeException exception=(RuntimeException) e;
map.put("ex",exception.getMessage());
map.put("msg","运行时异常,GlobalExceptionResolver,错误码601");
}
return map;
}
}
当点击“返回list<T>对象”时:
当返回list<T>对象时:
当点击“返回T对象”时:
当点击“返回Map对象”时:
ok,本期内容到此结束啦,我们下期见
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