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SpringCloud Alibaba Sentinel实现熔断与限流-微服务(三十三)

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导读：本篇文章讲解 SpringCloud Alibaba Sentinel实现熔断与限流-微服务(三十三)，希望对大家有帮助，欢迎收藏，转发！站点地址：www.bmabk.com

@SentinelResource

按资源名称限流+后续处理

  • 启动Nacos成功

http://localhost:8848/nacos/#/login

  • 启动Sentinel成功

java -jar sentinel-dashboard-1.7.0.jar

Module

  • cloudalibaba-sentinel-service8401

POM

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <parent>
        <artifactId>mscloud03</artifactId>
        <groupId>com.atguigu.springcloud</groupId>
        <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
    </parent>
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

    <artifactId>cloudalibaba-sentinel-service8401</artifactId>


    <dependencies>
        <!--SpringCloud ailibaba nacos -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.alibaba.cloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-alibaba-nacos-discovery</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency><!-- 引入自己定义的api通用包，可以使用Payment支付Entity -->
            <groupId>com.atguigu.springcloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>cloud-api-commons</artifactId>
            <version>${project.version}</version>
        </dependency>
        <!--SpringCloud ailibaba sentinel-datasource-nacos 后续做持久化用到-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.alibaba.csp</groupId>
            <artifactId>sentinel-datasource-nacos</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <!--SpringCloud ailibaba sentinel -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.alibaba.cloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-alibaba-sentinel</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <!--openfeign-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-openfeign</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <!-- SpringBoot整合Web组件+actuator -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-actuator</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <!--日常通用jar包配置-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-devtools</artifactId>
            <scope>runtime</scope>
            <optional>true</optional>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>cn.hutool</groupId>
            <artifactId>hutool-all</artifactId>
            <version>4.6.3</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>
            <artifactId>lombok</artifactId>
            <optional>true</optional>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
            <scope>test</scope>
        </dependency>

    </dependencies>

</project>

YML

 
server:
  port: 8401

spring:
  application:
    name: cloudalibaba-sentinel-service
  cloud:
    nacos:
      discovery:
        server-addr: localhost:8848 #Nacos服务注册中心地址
    sentinel:
      transport:
        dashboard: localhost:8080 #配置Sentinel dashboard地址
        port: 8719

management:
  endpoints:
    web:
      exposure:
        include: '*'

业务类RateLimitController

package com.atguigu.springcloud.alibaba.controller;

import com.alibaba.csp.sentinel.annotation.SentinelResource;
import com.alibaba.csp.sentinel.slots.block.BlockException;
import com.atguigu.springcloud.entities.CommonResult;
import com.atguigu.springcloud.entities.Payment;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;

/**
 * @auther zzyy
 * @create 2020-02-13 16:50
 */
@RestController
public class RateLimitController
{
    @GetMapping("/byResource")
    @SentinelResource(value = "byResource",blockHandler = "handleException")
    public CommonResult byResource()
    {
        return new CommonResult(200,"按资源名称限流测试OK",new Payment(2020L,"serial001"));
    }
    public CommonResult handleException(BlockException exception)
    {
        return new CommonResult(444,exception.getClass().getCanonicalName()+"\t 服务不可用");
    }
}

主启动

 
package com.atguigu.springcloud.alibaba;

import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
import org.springframework.cloud.client.discovery.EnableDiscoveryClient;
import org.springframework.cloud.openfeign.EnableFeignClients;

/**
 * @auther zzyy
 * @create 2019-12-09 18:49
 */
@EnableDiscoveryClient
@SpringBootApplication
public class MainApp8401
{
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        SpringApplication.run(MainApp8401.class, args);
    }
}

配置流控规则

配置步骤

在这里插入图片描述

图形配置和代码关系

在这里插入图片描述

  • 表示1秒钟内查询次数大于1，就跑到我们自定义的处流，限流

测试

  • 1秒钟点击1下，OK
  • 超过上述，疯狂点击，返回了自己定义的限流处理信息，限流发生
    在这里插入图片描述

额外问题

  • 此时关闭问服务8401看看
  • Sentinel控制台，流控规则消失了？？？？？
  • 临时/持久？

按照Url地址限流+后续处理

业务类RateLimitController

package com.atguigu.springcloud.alibaba.controller;

import com.alibaba.csp.sentinel.annotation.SentinelResource;
import com.alibaba.csp.sentinel.slots.block.BlockException;
import com.atguigu.springcloud.entities.CommonResult;
import com.atguigu.springcloud.entities.Payment;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;

/**
 * @auther zzyy
 * @create 2020-02-13 16:50
 */
@RestController
public class RateLimitController
{
    @GetMapping("/byResource")
    @SentinelResource(value = "byResource",blockHandler = "handleException")
    public CommonResult byResource()
    {
        return new CommonResult(200,"按资源名称限流测试OK",new Payment(2020L,"serial001"));
    }
    public CommonResult handleException(BlockException exception)
    {
        return new CommonResult(444,exception.getClass().getCanonicalName()+"\t 服务不可用");
    }

    @GetMapping("/rateLimit/byUrl")
    @SentinelResource(value = "byUrl")
    public CommonResult byUrl()
    {
        return new CommonResult(200,"按url限流测试OK",new Payment(2020L,"serial002"));
    }
}

访问一次

http://localhost:8401/rateLimit/byUrl

Sentinel控制台配置

在这里插入图片描述

测试

疯狂点击http://localhost:8401/rateLimit/byUrl

结果
会返回Sentinel自带的限流处理结果
在这里插入图片描述

上面兜底方案面临的问题

1 系统默认的，没有体现我们自己的业务要求。

2 依照现有条件，我们自定义的处理方法又和业务代码耦合在一块，不直观。

3 每个业务方法都添加一个兜底的，那代码膨胀加剧。

4 全局统一的处理方法没有体现。

客户自定义限流处理逻辑

创建CustomerBlockHandler类用于自定义限流处理逻辑

自定义限流处理类

CustomerBlockHandler

package com.atguigu.springcloud.alibaba.myhandler;

import com.alibaba.csp.sentinel.slots.block.BlockException;
import com.atguigu.springcloud.alibaba.entities.CommonResult;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;

/**
 * @auther zzyy
 * @create 2019-12-10 13:01
 */
public class CustomerBlockHandler
{
    public static CommonResult handleException(BlockException exception){
        return new CommonResult(2020,"自定义的限流处理信息......CustomerBlockHandler");
    }
}

在这里插入图片描述

RateLimitController

package com.atguigu.springcloud.alibaba.controller;

import com.alibaba.csp.sentinel.annotation.SentinelResource;
import com.alibaba.csp.sentinel.slots.block.BlockException;
import com.atguigu.springcloud.alibaba.myhandler.CustomerBlockHandler;
import com.atguigu.springcloud.entities.CommonResult;
import com.atguigu.springcloud.entities.Payment;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;

/**
 * @auther zzyy
 * @create 2020-02-13 16:50
 */
@RestController
public class RateLimitController
{
    @GetMapping("/byResource")
    @SentinelResource(value = "byResource",blockHandler = "handleException")
    public CommonResult byResource()
    {
        return new CommonResult(200,"按资源名称限流测试OK",new Payment(2020L,"serial001"));
    }
    public CommonResult handleException(BlockException exception)
    {
        return new CommonResult(444,exception.getClass().getCanonicalName()+"\t 服务不可用");
    }

    @GetMapping("/rateLimit/byUrl")
    @SentinelResource(value = "byUrl")
    public CommonResult byUrl()
    {
        return new CommonResult(200,"按url限流测试OK",new Payment(2020L,"serial002"));
    }

    /**
     * 自定义通用的限流处理逻辑，
     blockHandlerClass = CustomerBlockHandler.class
     blockHandler = handleException2
     上述配置：找CustomerBlockHandler类里的handleException2方法进行兜底处理
     */
    /**
     * 自定义通用的限流处理逻辑
     */
    @GetMapping("/rateLimit/customerBlockHandler")
    @SentinelResource(value = "customerBlockHandler",
            blockHandlerClass = CustomerBlockHandler.class, blockHandler = "handleException2")
    public CommonResult customerBlockHandler()
    {
        return new CommonResult(200,"按客户自定义限流处理逻辑");
    }

}

启动微服务后先调用一次

http://localhost:8401/rateLimit/customerBlockHandler

Sentinel控制台配置

在这里插入图片描述
测试后我们自定义的出来了

进一步说明

在这里插入图片描述

更多注解属性说明

在这里插入图片描述
所有的代码都要用try-catch-finally方式进行处理，o(╥﹏╥)o

Sentinel主要有三个核心Api

  • SphU定义资源
  • Tracer定义统计
  • ContextUtil定义了上下文

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