django:使用邮箱获取验证码

验证码用于判断当前用户与待验证用户是否i配，在注册、密码修改等需要身份验证的场景中有重要作用。
简单的验证方式有手机接受验证码和邮箱接收验证码。
这里主要将实现QQ邮箱验证。

1，开启第三方邮件发送服务

登录QQ邮箱网页版，点击顶部“设置”>>“账号”>>开启POP3/IMAP/SMTP服务>>生成授权码(注意保密）

2，邮箱配置

EMAIL_USE_SSL = True
EMAIL_HOST = ‘smtp.qq.com’
EMAIL_PORT = 465
EMAIL_HOST_USER = ‘666@qq.com’
EMAIL_HOST_PASSWORD = ‘授权码’
DEFAULT_FROM_EMAIL = EMAIL_HOST_USER

3，模板文件

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
	{% load static %}
	<title>找回密码</title>
	<link rel="stylesheet" href="{% static "css/reset.css" %}" />
	<link rel="stylesheet" href="{% static "css/user.css" %}" />
    <script src="{% static "js/jquery.min.js" %}"></script>
    <script src="{% static "js/user.js" %}"></script>
</head>
<body>
<div class="page">
	<div class="loginwarrp">
		<div class="logo">找回密码</div>
        <div class="login_form">
			<form id="Login" name="Login" method="post" action="">
                {% csrf_token %}
				<li class="login-item">
					<span>用户名：</span>
					<input type="text" name="username" class="login_input">
                    <span id="count-msg" class="error"></span>
				</li>
                {% if password %}
				<li class="login-item">
					<span>新密码：</span>
					<input type="password" name="password" class="login_input">
                    <span id="password-msg" class="error"></span>
				</li>
                {% endif %}
                {% if VCodeInfo %}
                    <li class="login-item">
                        <span>验证码：</span>
                        <input type="text" name="VCode" class="login_input">
                        <span id="password-msg" class="error"></span>
				    </li>
                {% endif %}
                <div>{{ tips }}</div>
				<li class="login-sub">
					<input type="submit" name="Submit" value="{{ button }}">
				</li>
           </form>
		</div>
	</div>
</div>
<script type="text/javascript">
	window.onload = function() {
		var config = {
			vx : 4,
			vy : 4,
			height : 2,
			width : 2,
			count : 100,
			color : "121, 162, 185",
			stroke : "100, 200, 180",
			dist : 6000,
			e_dist : 20000,
			max_conn : 10
		};
		CanvasParticle(config);
	}
</script>
<script src="{% static "js/canvas-particle.js" %}"></script>
</body>
</html>

4，视图函数

def findpsView(request):
    button = '获取验证码'	# 模板上下文：按钮提示内容
    VCodeInfo = False 	# 模板上下文：是否已发送验证码
    password = False	# 模板上下文：是否生成密码输入框
    if request.method == 'POST':
        u = request.POST.get('username')
        p = request.POST.get('password')
        VCode = request.POST.get('VCode', '') # 模板上下文：产生的验证码
        user = User.objects.filter(username=u)
        # 用户不存在
        if not user:
            tips = '用户' + u + '不存在'
        else:
            # 判断验证码是否已发送
            if not request.session.get('VCode', ''):
                # 发送验证码并将验证码写入session
                button = '重置密码'
                tips = '验证码已发送'
                password = True
                VCodeInfo = True
                VCode = str(random.randint(000000, 999999))
                request.session['VCode'] = VCode
                user[0].email_user('找回密码', VCode)
            # 匹配输入的验证码是否正确
            elif VCode == request.session.get('VCode'):
                # 密码加密处理并保存到数据库
                dj_ps = make_password(p, None, 'pbkdf2_sha256')
                user[0].password = dj_ps
                user[0].save()
                del request.session['VCode']
                tips = '密码已重置'
            # 输入验证码错误
            else:
                tips = '验证码错误，请重新获取'
                VCodeInfo = False
                password = False
                del request.session['VCode']
    return render(request, 'user.html', locals())