作者：非妃是公主
专栏：《操作系统》
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专栏地址
专栏系列文章
需求规格说明
基于QT Creator环境的多线程编程验证互斥的原理，通过使用semaphore，mutex等控制变量，实现对生产者消费者模型的真实模拟。调用了Qt多线程类库QThread进行实现，文件结构如下：其中PandC中主要写了生产者消费者相关函数，OSWork_1主要是前端界面显示的Qt类。
设计表示
生产者类的设计如下：
class Producer : public QThread
{
Q_OBJECT
protected:
void run();
signals:
void pro(int c);
public:
//线程退出的标识量
volatile bool m_stop;
Producer()
{
m_stop = false;
}
//线程退出的接口函数，用户使用
void stop()
{
m_stop = true;
}
};
消费者的类设计如下：
class Consumer : public QThread
{
Q_OBJECT
protected:
void run();
signals:
void con(int c);
public:
//线程退出的标识量
volatile bool m_stop;
Consumer()
{
m_stop = false;
}
//线程退出的接口函数，用户使用
void stop()
{
m_stop = true;
}
};
详细设计表示
生产者访问缓冲区：主要通过线程锁unique_lock进行实现，它可以将信号量mutex锁住，在作用域范围内，只能一个线程访问临界区。其中，hcnum为缓冲区数量，sleep为休眠一定时间，通过它来控制生产者生产的速度。
void Producer::run() {
int data1;
while (!m_stop) {//通过外层循环，能保证生成用不停止
if (c < hcnum) {//限流
{
data1 = rand();
unique_lock<mutex> locker(mu);//锁
q.push_front(data1);
qDebug() << "存了" << data1 << endl;
if (c == 1)
cond.notify_one(); // 通知取
++c;
}
emit pro(c);
Sleep(PSTime);
}
}
}
消费者访问缓冲区：功能和生产者正好互补，通过unique_lock,锁住信号量，确保生产者进程和消费者进程中，只能有一个留在缓冲区中。如果队列为空，那么说明消费者进程应该被阻塞进入阻塞队列，同时释放信号量，以便让生产者进程可以进入临界区生产。
void Producer::run() {
int data1;
while (!m_stop) {//通过外层循环，能保证生成用不停止
if (c < hcnum) {//限流
{
data1 = rand();
unique_lock<mutex> locker(mu);//锁
q.push_front(data1);
qDebug() << "存了" << data1 << endl;
if (c == 1)
cond.notify_one(); // 通知取
++c;
}
emit pro(c);
Sleep(PSTime);
}
}
}
“前后端”源文件间缓冲区数量通信：主要通过extern的方式，共享生产者生产速度和消费者消费速度这两个变量。
extern int PSTime = 1100;
extern int CSTime = 1100;
缓冲区数量显示：在创建生产者、消费者进程的时候，通过connect将concumer中的信号与前端OSWork_1中的显示函数关联到一起，进而实现生产者消费者进程对前端界面动态更新。
void OSWork_1::ReStart() {
if (!producer) {
producer = new Producer;
connect(producer, &Producer::pro, this, &OSWork_1::display);
producer->start();
}
if (!consumer) {
consumer = new Consumer;
connect(consumer, &Consumer::con, this, &OSWork_1::display);
consumer->start();
}
}
缓冲区数量显示主要通过10个label，根据不同颜色进行不同的显示。核心代码如下：
软件运行后，主界面如下： 
源代码
//OSWork_1.h
#pragma once
#pragma execution_character_set("utf-8")
#include <QtWidgets/QMainWindow>
#include <qpalette.h>
#include "ui_OSWork_1.h"
#include"PandC.h"
#include <qpushbutton.h>
#include <qdebug.h>
class OSWork_1 : public QMainWindow
{
Q_OBJECT
public:
QPalette pe1;
QPalette pe2;
Producer* producer;
Consumer* consumer;
OSWork_1();
void display(int c);
void ReStart();
void End();
void add_p();
void sub_p();
void add_c();
void sub_c();
~OSWork_1();
private:
Ui::OSWork_1Class ui;
};
//PandC.h
#pragma once
#pragma execution_character_set("utf-8")
#include <QThread>
#include <QDebug>
#include<qpalette.h>
#include <deque>
#include <mutex>
#include <condition_variable>
#include<Windows.h>
#include <qlabel.h>
class Producer : public QThread
{
Q_OBJECT
protected:
void run();
signals:
void pro(int c);
public:
//线程退出的标识量
volatile bool m_stop;
Producer()
{
m_stop = false;
}
//线程退出的接口函数，用户使用
void stop()
{
m_stop = true;
}
};
class Consumer : public QThread
{
Q_OBJECT
protected:
void run();
signals:
void con(int c);
public:
//线程退出的标识量
volatile bool m_stop;
Consumer()
{
m_stop = false;
}
//线程退出的接口函数，用户使用
void stop()
{
m_stop = true;
}
};
//OSWork_1.cpp
#include "OSWork_1.h"
extern int PSTime;
extern int CSTime;
void OSWork_1::display(int c) {
ui.label_1->setAutoFillBackground(true); //一定要这句，否则不行
ui.label_2->setAutoFillBackground(true); //一定要这句，否则不行
ui.label_3->setAutoFillBackground(true); //一定要这句，否则不行
ui.label_4->setAutoFillBackground(true); //一定要这句，否则不行
ui.label_5->setAutoFillBackground(true); //一定要这句，否则不行
ui.label_6->setAutoFillBackground(true); //一定要这句，否则不行
ui.label_7->setAutoFillBackground(true); //一定要这句，否则不行
ui.label_8->setAutoFillBackground(true); //一定要这句，否则不行
ui.label_9->setAutoFillBackground(true); //一定要这句，否则不行
ui.label_10->setAutoFillBackground(true); //一定要这句，否则不行
switch (c)
{
case 0:
ui.label_1->setPalette(pe2);
ui.label_2->setPalette(pe2);
ui.label_3->setPalette(pe2);
ui.label_4->setPalette(pe2);
ui.label_5->setPalette(pe2);
ui.label_6->setPalette(pe2);
ui.label_7->setPalette(pe2);
ui.label_8->setPalette(pe2);
ui.label_9->setPalette(pe2);
ui.label_10->setPalette(pe2);
break;
case 1:
ui.label_1->setPalette(pe1);
ui.label_2->setPalette(pe2);
ui.label_3->setPalette(pe2);
ui.label_4->setPalette(pe2);
ui.label_5->setPalette(pe2);
ui.label_6->setPalette(pe2);
ui.label_7->setPalette(pe2);
ui.label_8->setPalette(pe2);
ui.label_9->setPalette(pe2);
ui.label_10->setPalette(pe2);
break;
case 2:
ui.label_1->setPalette(pe1);
ui.label_2->setPalette(pe1);
ui.label_3->setPalette(pe2);
ui.label_4->setPalette(pe2);
ui.label_5->setPalette(pe2);
ui.label_6->setPalette(pe2);
ui.label_7->setPalette(pe2);
ui.label_8->setPalette(pe2);
ui.label_9->setPalette(pe2);
ui.label_10->setPalette(pe2);
break;
case 3:
ui.label_1->setPalette(pe1);
ui.label_2->setPalette(pe1);
ui.label_3->setPalette(pe1);
ui.label_4->setPalette(pe2);
ui.label_5->setPalette(pe2);
ui.label_6->setPalette(pe2);
ui.label_7->setPalette(pe2);
ui.label_8->setPalette(pe2);
ui.label_9->setPalette(pe2);
ui.label_10->setPalette(pe2);
break;
case 4:
ui.label_1->setPalette(pe1);
ui.label_2->setPalette(pe1);
ui.label_3->setPalette(pe1);
ui.label_4->setPalette(pe1);
ui.label_5->setPalette(pe2);
ui.label_6->setPalette(pe2);
ui.label_7->setPalette(pe2);
ui.label_8->setPalette(pe2);
ui.label_9->setPalette(pe2);
ui.label_10->setPalette(pe2);
break;
case 5:
ui.label_1->setPalette(pe1);
ui.label_2->setPalette(pe1);
ui.label_3->setPalette(pe1);
ui.label_4->setPalette(pe1);
ui.label_5->setPalette(pe1);
ui.label_6->setPalette(pe2);
ui.label_7->setPalette(pe2);
ui.label_8->setPalette(pe2);
ui.label_9->setPalette(pe2);
ui.label_10->setPalette(pe2);
break;
case 6:
ui.label_1->setPalette(pe1);
ui.label_2->setPalette(pe1);
ui.label_3->setPalette(pe1);
ui.label_4->setPalette(pe1);
ui.label_5->setPalette(pe1);
ui.label_6->setPalette(pe1);
ui.label_7->setPalette(pe2);
ui.label_8->setPalette(pe2);
ui.label_9->setPalette(pe2);
ui.label_10->setPalette(pe2);
break;
case 7:
ui.label_1->setPalette(pe1);
ui.label_2->setPalette(pe1);
ui.label_3->setPalette(pe1);
ui.label_4->setPalette(pe1);
ui.label_5->setPalette(pe1);
ui.label_6->setPalette(pe1);
ui.label_7->setPalette(pe1);
ui.label_8->setPalette(pe2);
ui.label_9->setPalette(pe2);
ui.label_10->setPalette(pe2);
break;
case 8:
ui.label_1->setPalette(pe1);
ui.label_2->setPalette(pe1);
ui.label_3->setPalette(pe1);
ui.label_4->setPalette(pe1);
ui.label_5->setPalette(pe1);
ui.label_6->setPalette(pe1);
ui.label_7->setPalette(pe1);
ui.label_8->setPalette(pe1);
ui.label_9->setPalette(pe2);
ui.label_10->setPalette(pe2);
break;
case 9:
ui.label_1->setPalette(pe1);
ui.label_2->setPalette(pe1);
ui.label_3->setPalette(pe1);
ui.label_4->setPalette(pe1);
ui.label_5->setPalette(pe1);
ui.label_6->setPalette(pe1);
ui.label_7->setPalette(pe1);
ui.label_8->setPalette(pe1);
ui.label_9->setPalette(pe1);
ui.label_10->setPalette(pe2);
break;
case 10:
ui.label_1->setPalette(pe1);
ui.label_2->setPalette(pe1);
ui.label_3->setPalette(pe1);
ui.label_4->setPalette(pe1);
ui.label_5->setPalette(pe1);
ui.label_6->setPalette(pe1);
ui.label_7->setPalette(pe1);
ui.label_8->setPalette(pe1);
ui.label_9->setPalette(pe1);
ui.label_10->setPalette(pe1);
break;
default:
break;
}
ui.label_pnum->setText("生产者数量：" + QString::number(16 - PSTime / 100));
ui.label_cnum->setText("消费者数量：" + QString::number(16 - CSTime / 100));
}
OSWork_1::OSWork_1()
: QMainWindow()
{
ui.setupUi(this);
this->setWindowTitle("生产者消费者模拟器");
producer = nullptr;
consumer = nullptr;
//设置黑底红字
pe1.setColor(QPalette::Background, Qt::black);
pe1.setColor(QPalette::WindowText, Qt::red);
pe2.setColor(QPalette::Background, Qt::white);
pe2.setColor(QPalette::WindowText, Qt::red);
//ui.label_1->setPalette(pe1);
connect(producer, &Producer::pro, this, &OSWork_1::display);
connect(consumer, &Consumer::con, this, &OSWork_1::display);
connect(ui.pushButton_end, &QPushButton::clicked, this, &OSWork_1::End);
connect(ui.pushButton_start, &QPushButton::clicked, this, &OSWork_1::ReStart);
connect(ui.pushButton_addp, &QPushButton::clicked, this, &OSWork_1::add_p);
connect(ui.pushButton_subp, &QPushButton::clicked, this, &OSWork_1::sub_p);
connect(ui.pushButton_addc, &QPushButton::clicked, this, &OSWork_1::add_c);
connect(ui.pushButton_subc, &QPushButton::clicked, this, &OSWork_1::sub_c);
}
OSWork_1::~OSWork_1() {
End();
}
void OSWork_1::End() {
if (producer && !producer->m_stop) {
producer->m_stop = true;
producer->wait();
delete producer;
producer = nullptr;
}
if (consumer && !consumer->m_stop) {
consumer->m_stop = true;
consumer->wait();
consumer->quit();
delete consumer;
consumer = nullptr;
}
}
void OSWork_1::ReStart() {
if (!producer) {
producer = new Producer;
connect(producer, &Producer::pro, this, &OSWork_1::display);
producer->start();
}
if (!consumer) {
consumer = new Consumer;
connect(consumer, &Consumer::con, this, &OSWork_1::display);
consumer->start();
}
}
void OSWork_1::add_p() {
if (producer) {
if (PSTime > 600)
PSTime -= 100;
qDebug() << "PSTime时长为：" << PSTime;
}
}
void OSWork_1::sub_p() {
if (producer) {
if (PSTime < 1500)
PSTime += 100;
qDebug() << "PSTime时长为：" << PSTime;
}
}
void OSWork_1::add_c() {
if (consumer) {
if (CSTime > 600)
CSTime -= 100;
qDebug() << "CSTime时长为：" << CSTime;
}
}
void OSWork_1::sub_c() {
if (consumer) {
if (CSTime < 1500)
CSTime += 100;
qDebug() << "CSTime时长为：" << CSTime;
}
}
```java
//PandC.cpp
#include "PandC.h"
using namespace std;
class OSWork_1;
deque<int> q;
mutex mu;
condition_variable cond;
int c = 0;//缓冲区的产品个数
extern int PSTime = 1100;
extern int CSTime = 1100;
int hcnum = 10;
void Producer::run() {
int data1;
while (!m_stop) {//通过外层循环，能保证生成用不停止
if (c < hcnum) {//限流
{
data1 = rand();
unique_lock<mutex> locker(mu);//锁
q.push_front(data1);
qDebug() << "存了" << data1 << endl;
if (c == 1)
cond.notify_one(); // 通知取
++c;
}
emit pro(c);
Sleep(PSTime);
}
}
}
void Consumer::run() {
int data2;//data用来覆盖存放取的数据
while (!m_stop) {
{
unique_lock<mutex> locker(mu);
if (q.empty())
cond.wait(locker); //wati()阻塞前先会解锁,解锁后生产者才能获得锁来放产品到缓冲区；生产者notify后，将不再阻塞，且自动又获得了锁。
data2 = q.back();//取的第一步
q.pop_back();//取的第二步
qDebug() << "取了" << data2 << endl;
--c;
}
emit con(c);
Sleep(CSTime);
}
}
//main.cpp
#include "OSWork_1.h"
#include <QtWidgets/QApplication>
int main(int argc, char *argv[])
{
QApplication a(argc, argv);
OSWork_1 w;
w.show();
return a.exec();
}
源代码下载地址
CSDN下载链接：https://download.csdn.net/download/myf_666/86245828
github下载链接：https://github.com/ManYufei888/Producer-consumer-process-simulation/tree/main
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