Mybatis之注解开发(七)
一、引入依赖
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.mybatis</groupId>
<artifactId>mybatis</artifactId>
<version>3.5.5</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>mysql</groupId>
<artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
<version>5.1.6</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>log4j</groupId>
<artifactId>log4j</artifactId>
<version>1.2.17</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>junit</groupId>
<artifactId>junit</artifactId>
<version>4.13</version>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
二、添加jdbc与log配置
jdbcConfig.properties
jdbc.driver=com.mysql.jdbc.Driver
jdbc.url=jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/mybatis
jdbc.username=root
jdbc.password=chen
log4j.properties
log4j.rootCategory=debug, CONSOLE, LOGFILE
log4j.logger.org.apache.axis.enterprise=FATAL, CONSOLE
log4j.appender.CONSOLE=org.apache.log4j.ConsoleAppender
log4j.appender.CONSOLE.layout=org.apache.log4j.PatternLayout
log4j.appender.CONSOLE.layout.ConversionPattern=%d{ISO8601} %-6r [%15.15t] %-5p %30.30c %x - %m\n
log4j.appender.LOGFILE=org.apache.log4j.FileAppender
log4j.appender.LOGFILE.File=d:\mybatis.log
log4j.appender.LOGFILE.Append=true
log4j.appender.LOGFILE.layout=org.apache.log4j.PatternLayout
log4j.appender.LOGFILE.layout.ConversionPattern=%d{ISO8601} %-6r [%15.15t] %-5p %30.30c %x - %m\n
三、创建SqlMapConfig.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE configuration
PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Config 3.0//EN"
"http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-config.dtd">
<configuration>
<!-- 引入外部配置文件-->
<properties resource="jdbcConfig.properties"></properties>
<!--配置别名-->
<typeAliases>
<package name="cn.ybzy.domain"></package>
</typeAliases>
<!-- 配置环境-->
<environments default="mysql">
<!-- 配置 mysql 的环境 -->
<environment id="mysql">
<!-- 配置事务的类型是 JDBC -->
<transactionManager type="JDBC"></transactionManager>
<dataSource type="POOLED">
<property name="driver" value="${jdbc.driver}"></property>
<property name="url" value="${jdbc.url}"></property>
<property name="username" value="${jdbc.username}"></property>
<property name="password" value="${jdbc.password}"></property>
</dataSource>
</environment>
</environments>
<!-- 配置映射信息 -->
<mappers>
<!-- 配置dao接口的位置,有两种方式
第一种:使用 mapper 标签配置 class 属性
<mapper class="cn.ybzy.dao.IUserDao"></mapper>
第二种:使用 package 标签,直接指定 dao 接口所在的包
-->
<package name="cn.ybzy.dao"/>
</mappers>
</configuration>
四、Mybatis的常用注解
@Insert:实现新增
@Update:实现更新
@Delete:实现删除
@Select:实现查询
@Result:实现结果集封装
@Results:可以与@Result 一起使用,封装多个结果集
@ResultMap:实现引用@Results 定义的封装
@One:实现一对一结果集封装
@Many:实现一对多结果集封装
@SelectProvider: 实现动态 SQL 映射
@CacheNamespace:实现注解二级缓存的使用
五、基于注解实现基本的CRUD
1.创建User实体类
public class User implements Serializable{
private Integer id;
private String username;
private String address;
private String sex;
private Date birthday;
}
2.创建IUserDao接口及方法
public interface IUserDao {
/**
* 查询所有用户
* @return
*/
@Select("select * from user")
List<User> findAll();
/**
* 保存用户
* @param user
*/
@Insert("insert into user(username,address,sex,birthday)values(#{username},#{address},#{sex},#{birthday})")
void saveUser(User user);
/**
* 更新用户
* @param user
*/
@Update("update user set username=#{username},sex=#{sex},birthday=#{birthday},address=#{address} where id=#{id}")
void updateUser(User user);
/**
* 删除用户
* @param userId
*/
@Delete("delete from user where id=#{id} ")
void deleteUser(Integer userId);
/**
* 根据id查询用户
* @param userId
* @return
*/
@Select("select * from user where id=#{id} ")
User findById(Integer userId);
/**
* 根据用户名称模糊查询
* @param username
* @return
*/
@Select("select * from user where username like #{username} ")
List<User> findUserByName1(String username);
/**
* 根据用户名称模糊查询
* @param username
* @return
*/
@Select("select * from user where username like '%${value}%' ")
List<User> findUserByName2(String username);
/**
* 查询总用户数量
* @return
*/
@Select("select count(*) from user ")
int findTotalUser();
}
3.执行测试
public class AnnotationCRUDTest {
private InputStream in;
private SqlSessionFactory factory;
private SqlSession session;
private IUserDao userDao;
@Before
public void init()throws Exception{
in = Resources.getResourceAsStream("SqlMapConfig.xml");
factory = new SqlSessionFactoryBuilder().build(in);
session = factory.openSession();
userDao = session.getMapper(IUserDao.class);
}
@After
public void destroy()throws Exception{
session.commit();
session.close();
in.close();
}
@Test
public void testSave(){
User user = new User();
user.setUsername("test save");
user.setAddress("save address");
userDao.saveUser(user);
}
@Test
public void testUpdate(){
User user = new User();
user.setId(44);
user.setUsername("test update");
user.setAddress("update address");
user.setSex("男");
user.setBirthday(new Date());
userDao.updateUser(user);
}
@Test
public void testDelete(){
userDao.deleteUser(44);
}
@Test
public void testFindOne(){
User user = userDao.findById(55);
System.out.println(user);
}
@Test
public void testFindByName1(){
List<User> users = userDao.findUserByName("%update%");
for(User user : users){
System.out.println(user);
}
}
@Test
public void testFindByName2(){
List<User> users = userDao.findUserByName("test");
for(User user : users){
System.out.println(user);
}
}
@Test
public void testFindTotal(){
int total = userDao.findTotalUser();
System.out.println(total);
}
}
4.修改User实体类
此时,实体类属性与数据库表的列名不一致,查询将出现无法正常封装结果集。
public class User implements Serializable {
private Integer userId;
private String userName;
private Date userBirthday;
private String userSex;
private String userAddress;
}
5.修改IUserDao接口
public interface IUserDao {
/**
* 查询所有用户
* @return
*/
@Select("select * from user")
@Results(id="userMap",value={
@Result(id=true,column = "id",property = "userId"),
@Result(column = "username",property = "userName"),
@Result(column = "address",property = "userAddress"),
@Result(column = "sex",property = "userSex"),
@Result(column = "birthday",property = "userBirthday"),
})
List<User> findAll();
/**
* 根据id查询用户
* @param userId
* @return
*/
@Select("select * from user where id=#{id} ")
@ResultMap("userMap")
User findById(Integer userId);
/**
* 保存操作
* @param user
* @return
*/
@Insert("insert into user(username,sex,birthday,address)values(#{userName},#{userSex},#{userBirthday},#{userAddress})")
@SelectKey(keyColumn="id",keyProperty="userId",resultType=Integer.class,before =false, statement = { "select last_insert_id()" })
int saveUser(User user);
}
六、使用注解实现复杂关系映射开发
实现复杂关系映射之前我们可以在映射文件中通过配置来实现,在使用注解开发时我们需要借助@Results 注解,@Result 注解,@One 注解,@Many 注解。
复杂关系映射的注解
@Results 注解
代替的是标签<resultMap>
该注解中可以使用单个@Result 注解,也可以使用@Result 集合
@Results({@Result(),@Result()})或@Results(@Result())
@Resutl 注解
代替了 <id> 标签和<result> 标签
@Result 中 属性介绍:
id 是否是主键字段
column 数据库的列名
property 需要装配的属性名
one 需要使用的@One 注解(@Result(one=@One)()))
many 需要使用的@Many 注解(@Result(many=@many)()))
@One 注解(一对一)
代替了<assocation> 标签,是多表查询的关键,在注解中用来指定子查询返回单一对象。
@One 注解属性:
select 指定用的 来多表查询的 sqlmapper
fetchType 会覆盖全局的配置参数 lazyLoadingEnabled。
使用格式:
@Result(column=" ",property="",one=@One(select=""))
@Many 注解(多对一)
代替了<Collection> 标签, 是是多表查询的关键,在注解中用来指定子查询返回对象集合。
注意:聚集元素用来处理“一对多”的关系。需要指定映射的 Java 实体类的属性,属性的 javaType
(一般为 ArrayList)但是注解中可以不定义;
使用格式:
@Result(property="",column="",many=@Many(select=""))
七、注解实现一对一复杂关系映射及延迟加载
1.添加User及Account实体类
public class User implements Serializable {
private Integer userId;
private String userName;
private Date userBirthday;
private String userSex;
private String userAddress;
}
public class Account implements Serializable {
private Integer id;
private Integer uid;
private Double money;
//多对一关系映射:从表方应该包含一个主表方的对象引用
private User user;
}
2.添加IAccountDao接口并使用注解配置
public interface IAccountDao {
/**
* 查询所有账户,同时获取每个账户所属的用户信息
* @return
*/
@Select("select * from account")
@Results(id="accountMap",value = {
@Result(id=true,column = "id",property = "id"),
@Result(column = "uid",property = "uid"),
@Result(column = "money",property = "money"),
@Result(property = "user",column = "uid",one=@One(select="com.itheima.dao.IUserDao.findById",fetchType= FetchType.LAZY))
})
List<Account> findAll();
}
3.添加IUserDao接口并使用注解配置
public interface IUserDao {
/**
* 查询所有用户
* @return
*/
@Select("select * from user")
@Results(id="userMap",value={
@Result(id=true,column = "id",property = "userId"),
@Result(column = "username",property = "userName"),
@Result(column = "address",property = "userAddress"),
@Result(column = "sex",property = "userSex"),
@Result(column = "birthday",property = "userBirthday"),
})
List<User> findAll();
/**
* 根据id查询用户
* @param userId
* @return
*/
@Select("select * from user where id=#{id} ")
@ResultMap("userMap")
User findById(Integer userId);
}
4.测试一对一关联及延迟加载
@Test
public void testFindAll(){
List<Account> accounts = accountDao.findAll();
// for(Account account : accounts){
// System.out.println(account);
// System.out.println(account.getUser());
// }
}
6.修改IAccountDao接口
修改IAccountDao接口查询为立即加载,fetchType= FetchType.EAGER
public interface IAccountDao {
/**
* 查询所有账户,同时获取每个账户所属的用户信息
* @return
*/
@Select("select * from account")
@Results(id="accountMap",value = {
@Result(id=true,column = "id",property = "id"),
@Result(column = "uid",property = "uid"),
@Result(column = "money",property = "money"),
@Result(property = "user",column = "uid",one=@One(select="com.itheima.dao.IUserDao.findById",fetchType= FetchType.EAGER))
})
List<Account> findAll();
}
7.测试一对一关联及立即加载
@Test
public void testFindAll(){
List<Account> accounts = accountDao.findAll();
}
八、注解实现一对多复杂关系映射及延迟加载
1.User 实体与Account实体
public class User implements Serializable {
private Integer userId;
private String userName;
private Date userBirthday;
private String userSex;
private String userAddress;
//一对多关系映射:主表方法应该包含一个从表方的集合引用
private List<Account> accounts;
}
public class Account implements Serializable {
private Integer id;
private Integer uid;
private Double money;
}
2.编写IUserDao接口并使用注解配置
@Many:
相当于`<collection>`的配置
select 属性:代表将要执行的 sql 语句
fetchType 属性:代表加载方式,一般如果要延迟加载都设置为 LAZY 的值
public interface IUserDao {
/**
* 查询所有用户
* @return
*/
@Select("select * from user")
@Results(id="userMap",value={
@Result(id=true,column = "id",property = "userId"),
@Result(column = "username",property = "userName"),
@Result(column = "address",property = "userAddress"),
@Result(column = "sex",property = "userSex"),
@Result(column = "birthday",property = "userBirthday"),
@Result(property = "accounts",column = "id",
many = @Many(select = "com.itheima.dao.IAccountDao.findAccountByUid",
fetchType = FetchType.LAZY))
})
List<User> findAll();
}
3.编写IAccountDao接口并使用注解配置
public interface IAccountDao {
/**
* 根据用户id查询账户信息
* @param userId
* @return
*/
@Select("select * from account where uid = #{userId}")
List<Account> findAccountByUid(Integer userId);
}
4.执行测试
@Test
public void testFindAll(){
List<User> users = userDao.findAll();
// for(User user : users){
// System.out.println(user);
// System.out.println(user.getAccounts());
// }
}
@Test
public void testFindAll(){
List<User> users = userDao.findAll();
for(User user : users){
System.out.println(user);
System.out.println(user.getAccounts());
}
}
九、基于注解的二级缓存
1.开启二级缓存
<!-- 配置二级缓存 -->
<settings>
<!-- 开启二级缓存的支持 -->
<setting name="cacheEnabled" value="true"/>
</settings>
2.在持久层接口中使用注解配置二级缓存
//mybatis基于注解方式实现配置二级缓存
@CacheNamespace(blocking = true)
public interface IUserDao {
/**
* 查询所有用户
* @return
*/
@Select("select * from user")
@Results(id="userMap",value={
@Result(id=true,column = "id",property = "userId"),
@Result(column = "username",property = "userName"),
@Result(column = "address",property = "userAddress"),
@Result(column = "sex",property = "userSex"),
@Result(column = "birthday",property = "userBirthday"),
@Result(property = "accounts",column = "id",
many = @Many(select = "com.itheima.dao.IAccountDao.findAccountByUid",
fetchType = FetchType.LAZY))
})
List<User> findAll();
/**
* 根据id查询用户
* @param userId
* @return
*/
@Select("select * from user where id=#{id} ")
@ResultMap("userMap")
User findById(Integer userId);
}
3.测试使用二级缓存
@Test
public void testFindOne(){
SqlSession session = factory.openSession();
IUserDao userDao = session.getMapper(IUserDao.class);
User user = userDao.findById(45);
System.out.println(user);
//清空一级缓存
session.close();
SqlSession session1 = factory.openSession();//再次打开session
IUserDao userDao1 = session1.getMapper(IUserDao.class);
User user1 = userDao1.findById(45);
System.out.println(user1);
session1.close();
}
4.测试取消二级缓存配置
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