Mybatis之基本查询与态动SQL(四)

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导读:本篇文章讲解 Mybatis之基本查询与态动SQL(四),希望对大家有帮助,欢迎收藏,转发!站点地址:www.bmabk.com,来源:原文

一、Mybatis环境准备

1.添加依赖

<dependencies>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.mybatis</groupId>
            <artifactId>mybatis</artifactId>
            <version>3.5.5</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>mysql</groupId>
            <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
            <version>5.1.6</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>log4j</groupId>
            <artifactId>log4j</artifactId>
            <version>1.2.17</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>junit</groupId>
            <artifactId>junit</artifactId>
            <version>4.13</version>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>

2.创建SqlMapConfig.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE configuration
        PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Config 3.0//EN"
        "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-config.dtd">
<!-- mybatis的主配置文件 -->
<configuration>
    <!-- 配置环境 -->
    <environments default="mysql">
        <!-- 配置mysql的环境-->
        <environment id="mysql">
            <!-- 配置事务的类型-->
            <transactionManager type="JDBC"></transactionManager>
            <!-- 配置数据源(连接池) -->
            <dataSource type="POOLED">
                <!-- 配置连接数据库的4个基本信息 -->
                <property name="driver" value="com.mysql.jdbc.Driver"/>
                <property name="url" value="jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/eesy_mybatis"/>
                <property name="username" value="root"/>
                <property name="password" value="123456"/>
            </dataSource>
        </environment>
    </environments>

    <!-- 指定映射配置文件的位置,映射配置文件指的是每个dao独立的配置文件 -->
    <mappers>
        <mapper resource="cn/ybzy/dao/IUserDao.xml"/>
    </mappers>
</configuration>

3.创建实体类与接口

public class User implements Serializable {

   private Integer id;
    private String username;
    private Date birthday;
    private String sex;
    private String address;
	//setter() getter()
}


public interface IUserDao {

}

4.创建映射文件IUserDao.xml

注意点:

1、持久层接口和持久层接口的映射配置必须在相同的包下

2、持久层映射配置中 mapper 标签的 namespace 属性取值必须是持久层接口的全限定类名

3、SQL 语句的配置标签<select>,<insert>,<delete>,<update>的 id 属性必须和持久层接口的
方法名相同。
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE mapper
        PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper 3.0//EN"
        "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd">
<mapper namespace="cn.ybzy.dao.IUserDao">

</mapper>

5.创建测试环境

public class MybatisTest {

    private InputStream in;
    private SqlSession sqlSession;
    private IUserDao userDao;

    @Before
    public void init()throws Exception{
        //读取配置文件,生成字节输入流
        in = Resources.getResourceAsStream("SqlMapConfig.xml");
        //获取SqlSessionFactory
        SqlSessionFactory factory = new SqlSessionFactoryBuilder().build(in);
        //获取SqlSession对象
        sqlSession = factory.openSession();
        //获取dao的代理对象
        userDao = sqlSession.getMapper(IUserDao.class);
    }

    @After
    public void destroy()throws Exception{
        //提交事务
        sqlSession.commit();
        //释放资源
        sqlSession.close();
        in.close();
    }
  }

二、Mybatis的基本查询

1.保存操作

public interface IUserDao {

    void saveUser(User user);
}
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE mapper
        PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper 3.0//EN"
        "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd">
<mapper namespace="cn.ybzy.dao.IUserDao">

   <!-- 保存用户 -->
    <insert id="saveUser" parameterType="cn.ybzy.domain.User">
        insert into user(username,address,sex,birthday)values(#{username},#{address},#{sex},#{birthday});
    </insert>
</mapper>
    @Test
    public void testSave(){
        User user = new User();
        user.setUserName("test save");
        user.setUserAddress("中国");
        user.setUserSex("男");
        user.setUserBirthday(new Date());
        userDao.saveUser(user);
    }

2.删除操作

public interface IUserDao {

    void deleteUser(Integer userId);
}
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE mapper
        PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper 3.0//EN"
        "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd">
<mapper namespace="cn.ybzy.dao.IUserDao">

     <!-- 删除用户-->
    <delete id="deleteUser" parameterType="java.lang.Integer">
        delete from user where id = #{uid}
    </delete>
</mapper>
    @Test
    public void testDelete(){
        userDao.deleteUser(1);
    }

3.修改操作

public interface IUserDao {

	  /**
     * 更新用户
     * @param user
     */
    void updateUser(User user);
}
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE mapper
        PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper 3.0//EN"
        "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd">
<mapper namespace="cn.ybzy.dao.IUserDao">

       <!-- 更新用户 -->
    <update id="updateUser" parameterType="cn.ybzy.domain.User">
        update user set username=#{username},address=#{address},sex=#{sex},birthday=#{birthday} where id=#{id}
    </update>
</mapper>
    @Test
    public void testUpdate(){
        User user = new User();
        user.setUserId(2);
        user.setUserName("test update");
        user.setUserAddress("大中国");
        user.setUserSex("女");
        user.setUserBirthday(new Date());
        userDao.updateUser(user);
    }

4.查询操作

public interface IUserDao {

    User findById(Integer userId);
}
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE mapper
        PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper 3.0//EN"
        "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd">
<mapper namespace="cn.ybzy.dao.IUserDao">

 <!-- 根据id查询用户 -->
    <select id="findById" parameterType="INT" resultType="cn.ybzy.domain.User">
        select * from user where id = #{uid}
    </select>
</mapper>
    @Test
    public void testFindOne(){
        User  user = userDao.findById(2);
        System.out.println(user);
    }

5.模糊查询

public interface IUserDao {

    List<User> findByName(String username);
}

模糊查询方式1

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE mapper
        PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper 3.0//EN"
        "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd">
<mapper namespace="cn.ybzy.dao.IUserDao">

 <!-- 根据名称模糊查询 -->
    <select id="findByName" parameterType="string" resultMap="userMap">
          select * from user where username like #{name}
   </select>
</mapper>
    @Test
    public void testFindByName(){
        List<User> users = userDao.findByName("%save%");
        for(User user : users){
            System.out.println(user);
        }
    }
   

模糊查询方式2

该方式中,${value}的写法就是固定的,不能写成其它名字。

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE mapper
        PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper 3.0//EN"
        "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd">
<mapper namespace="cn.ybzy.dao.IUserDao">

 <!-- 根据名称模糊查询 -->
    <select id="findByName" parameterType="string" resultMap="userMap">
        select * from user where username like '%${value}%'
   </select>
</mapper>
 @Test
    public void testFindByName(){
        List<User> users = userDao.findByName("save");
        for(User user : users){
            System.out.println(user);
        }
    }

6.聚合函数查询

public interface IUserDao {

    int findTotal();
}
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE mapper
        PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper 3.0//EN"
        "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd">
<mapper namespace="cn.ybzy.dao.IUserDao">

    <!-- 获取用户的总记录条数 -->
    <select id="findTotal" resultType="int">
        select count(id) from user;
    </select>
</mapper>
   @Test
    public void testFindTotal(){
        int count = userDao.findTotal();
        System.out.println(count);
    }

7.新增返回id值

新增后,同时还要返回当前新增数据的 id 值,若数据库主键id是自增策略,则 id 是由数据库的自动增长来实现的,相当于要在新增后将自动增长auto_increment 的值返回。

public interface IUserDao {

    void saveUser(User user);
}
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE mapper
        PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper 3.0//EN"
        "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd">
<mapper namespace="cn.ybzy.dao.IUserDao">

      <!-- 保存用户 -->
    <insert id="saveUser" parameterType="cn.ybzy.domain.User">
        <!-- 配置插入操作后,获取插入数据的id -->
        <selectKey keyProperty="id" keyColumn="id" resultType="int" order="AFTER">
            select last_insert_id();
        </selectKey>
        insert into user(username,address,sex,birthday)values(#{username},#{address},#{sex},#{birthday});
    </insert>
</mapper>
@Test
    public void testSave(){
        User user = new User();
        user.setUserName("test save return id");
        user.setUserAddress("中国66");
        user.setUserSex("男");
        user.setUserBirthday(new Date());
        System.out.println("保存前:"+user);
        userDao.saveUser(user);
        System.out.println("保存后:"+user);
    }

8.传递pojo包装对象查询

定义QueryVo包装对象,使用包装对象传递输入参数。
public class QueryVo {

    private User user;

    public User getUser() {
        return user;
    }

    public void setUser(User user) {
        this.user = user;
    }
}
public interface IUserDao {

    List<User> findUserByVo(QueryVo vo);
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE mapper
        PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper 3.0//EN"
        "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd">
<mapper namespace="cn.ybzy.dao.IUserDao">

        <!-- 根据queryVo的条件查询用户 -->
    <select id="findUserByVo" parameterType="cn.ybzy.domain.QueryVo" resultMap="userMap">
        select * from user where username like #{user.username}
    </select>
</mapper>
   @Test
    public void testFindByVo(){
        QueryVo vo = new QueryVo();
        User user = new User();
        user.setUserName("%王%");
        vo.setUser(user);
        List<User> users = userDao.findUserByVo(vo);
        for(User u : users){
            System.out.println(u);
        }
    }

9.实体类属性名和数据库列名不一致的查询

实体类User
public class User implements Serializable {

    private Integer userId; 
    private String userName;
    private String userAddress;
    private String userSex;
    private Date userBirthday;
}
数据库字段

在这里插入图片描述

接口方法:
    List<User> findAll();
映射文件的配置

1.使用别名

<!-- 配置查询所有操作 -->
<select id="findAll" resultType="cn.ybzy.domain.User">
	select id as userId,username as userName,birthday as userBirthday,
	sex as userSex,address as userAddress from user
</select>

2.使用resultMap 结果类型

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE mapper
        PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper 3.0//EN"
        "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd">
<mapper namespace="cn.ybzy.dao.IUserDao">

 <!-- 配置 查询结果的列名和实体类的属性名的对应关系 -->
    <resultMap id="userMap" type="cn.ybzy.domain.User">
        <!-- 主键字段的对应 -->
        <id property="userId" column="id"></id>
        <!--非主键字段的对应-->
        <result property="userName" column="username"></result>
        <result property="userAddress" column="address"></result>
        <result property="userSex" column="sex"></result>
        <result property="userBirthday" column="birthday"></result>
    </resultMap>
    
   <!-- 查询所有 -->
    <select id="findAll" resultMap="userMap">
        select * from user;
    </select>
</mapper>
 @Test
    public void testFindAll(){
        List<User> users = userDao.findAll();
        for(User user : users){
            System.out.println(user);
        }

    }

三、Mybatis的动态SQL

1.动态SQL之if标签

标签的 test 属性中写的是对象的属性名,如果是包装类的对象要使用 OGNL 表达式的写法

  <!-- 根据条件查询-->
    <select id="selectByCondition" resultMap="userMap" parameterType="user">
        select * from user where 1=1
        <if test="username != null and username != ''">
          and username = #{username }
        </if>
        <if test="age!= null and age >20">
            and age= #{age}
        </if>
    </select>

2.动态SQL之where标签

简化where 1=1 的条件拼装,可以采用标签来简化开发

  <select id="selectByCondition" resultMap="userMap" parameterType="user">
        select * from user
        <where>
            <if test="username != null and username != ''">
                and username = #{username }
            </if>
            <if test="age!= null and age >20">
            and age= #{age}
        </if>
        </where>
    </select>

3. 动态标签之foreach标签

在进行范围查询时,要将一个集合中的值,作为参数动态添加进来,就需要使用foreach标签

<foreach>标签
	用于遍历集合
	
collection:
	代表要遍历的集合元素,编写时不要写#{}
	
open:
	代表语句的开始部分
	
close:
	代表结束部分
	
item:
	代表遍历集合的每个元素,生成的变量名
	
sperator:
	代表分隔符
  <select id="findUserByIds" resultMap="userMap" parameterType="user">
        select * from user
        <where>
            <if test="ids != null and ids.size()>0">
                <foreach collection="ids" open="and id in (" close=")" item="uid" separator=",">
                    #{uid}
                </foreach>
            </if>
        </where>
    </select>

4. SQL片段

将重复的sql提取出来,使用时用include引用即可,最终达到sql重用的目的

  <!-- 定义抽取重复的sql语句-->
    <sql id="userSql">
        select * from user
    </sql>

	 <!-- 查询年龄大于20的 -->
    <select id="findAll" resultMap="userMap">
        <include refid="userSql"></include>
        where age>20
    </select>

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